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Cited by 346Climate Change and Health ImpactsZoonotic diseases and public healthMosquito-borne diseases and control

Climate Change and Cascading Risks from Infectious Disease

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Semenza, Jan C., Rocklöv, Joacim, Ebi, Kristie L.·2022·Infectious Diseases and Therapy
DOI 10.1007/s40121-022-00647-3PMC PMC9334478
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Abstract

Climate change is adversely affecting the burden of infectious disease throughout the world, which is a health security threat. Climate-sensitive infectious disease includes vector-borne diseases such as malaria, whose transmission potential is expected to increase because of enhanced climatic suitability for the mosquito vector in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and South America. Climatic suitability for the mosquitoes that can carry dengue, Zika, and chikungunya is also likely to increase, facilitating further increases in the geographic range and longer transmission seasons, and raising concern for expansion of these diseases into temperate zones, particularly under higher greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Early spring temperatures in 2018 seem to have contributed to the early onset and extensive West Nile virus outbreak in Europe, a pathogen expected to expand further beyond its current distribution, due to a warming climate. As for tick-borne diseases, climate change is projected to continue to contribute to the spread of Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis, particularly in North America and Europe. Schistosomiasis is a water-borne disease and public health concern in Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia; climate change is anticipated to change its distribution, with both expansions and contractions expected. Other water-borne diseases that cause diarrheal diseases have declined significantly over the last decades owing to socioeconomic development and public health measures but changes in climate can reverse some of these positive developments. Weather and climate events, population movement, land use changes, urbanization, global trade, and other drivers can catalyze a succession of secondary events that can lead to a range of health impacts, including infectious disease outbreaks. These cascading risk pathways of causally connected events can result in large-scale outbreaks and affect society at large. We review climatic and other cascading drivers of infectious disease with projections under different climate change scenarios. Supplementary file1 (MP4 328467 KB).

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  • The changing climate, alongside changes in land use and human movement, is affecting the risk of water-borne, vector-borne, food-borne, and air-borne disease transmission, undermining disease control efforts.

    “The changing climate, alongside changes in land use (often induced by or contributing to climate change) and human movement, is affecting the risk of water-borne, vector-borne, food-borne, and air-borne disease transmission, undermining disease control efforts.148,149”

    From The 2024 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: facing record-breaking threats from delayed action (2024) · cites this paper as [148]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Semenza, J. C., Rocklöv, J., & Ebi, K. L.
Affiliations
  • Heidelberg University (DE)
  • University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author
Semenza, Jan C.
ORCID
Venue
Infectious Diseases and Therapy
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2022-05-19
Volume
11
Issue
4
Pages
1371-1390
ISSN
  • 2193-6382 (ISSN-L)
  • 2193-8229
DOI
10.1007/s40121-022-00647-3
PMC
PMC9334478
OpenAlex
W4280534390
Cited by
346
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 86 · 2025: 126 · 2024: 80 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 5
FWCI
6.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Infectious Diseases and Therapy (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DiVA at Umeå University (Umeå University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Climate Change and Health Impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Zoonotic diseases and public health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Keywords
climate change, infectious diseases, cascading risks, vector-borne diseases, malaria, dengue, Zika virus, chikungunya, West Nile virus, tick-borne diseases, Lyme disease, tick-borne encephalitis, schistosomiasis, diarrheal disease, climate-sensitive diseases, outbreak, climate change scenarios, health security

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