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Cited by 23Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentDevelopmental and Educational Neuropsychology

Emotional Lability in Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Impact of Pharmacotherapy

Childress, Ann C., Sallee, Floyd R.·2015·CNS Drugs
DOI 10.1007/s40263-015-0264-9
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Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder defined by persistent inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity. These symptoms occur more frequently and are more severe in individuals with ADHD compared with those at a similar developmental level without ADHD, and can be conceptualized as deficits in executive functioning (EF). EF includes domains of metacognition and inhibition, which influence the ability to regulate responses elicited by emotional stimuli. EF deficits can lead to emotional lability (EL), which is characterized by sudden changes in emotion and behaviors of inappropriately high intensity that may include sudden bouts of anger, dysphoria, sadness, or euphoria. EL is common and estimated to occur in about 3.3-10% of the population. Recent estimates of EL prevalence in children and adolescents with ADHD range from 38 to 75%. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition does not include EL in diagnostic criteria for ADHD, but does include ADHD-associated features of low frustration tolerance, irritability, or mood lability. The neurobiological basis of EL is not well understood, but brain imaging studies support dividing EF into "cool" cognitive networks encompassing attention and planning activities, and "hot" motivational networks involved in temporal discounting, reward processing, and reward anticipation. Dysfunction in "hot" networks is thought to be related to EL. EL symptoms are associated…

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Crossref · 10.1007/s40263-015-0264-9

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Authors
Childress, A. C., & Sallee, F. R.
Affiliations
  • Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine (US)
  • University of Cincinnati (US)
Corresponding author
Childress, Ann C.
ORCID
Childress, Ann C.
Venue
CNS Drugs
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2015-08
Volume
29
Issue
8
Pages
683-693
ISSN
  • 1172-7047 (ISSN-L)
  • 1179-1934
DOI
10.1007/s40263-015-0264-9
OpenAlex
W1152169292
Cited by
23
References
22
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3
FWCI
0.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • CNS Drugs (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, emotional lability, executive function, pharmacotherapy, ADHD medication, reward processing, emotional dysregulation, irritability, comorbidities, children and adolescents
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Affective Symptoms, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Child, Emotions, Humans, Severity of Illness Index, Prevalence, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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