Effects of the acute administration of caffeine in patients with schizophrenia
Abstract
Caffeine, 10 mg/kg, was administered to 13 schizophrenic patients in a double-blind placebo-controlled study of its behavioral effects. Some measures of psychopathology were significantly increased: Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) total, BPRS subscales thought disorder, unusual thought content, and euphoria-activation, and several individual BPRS items. Nurses' Bunney-Hamberg ratings of psychosis and mania, comparing the day before with the day after pharmacological challenge, increased significantly. Compared to placebo, caffeine also produced significant increases of diastolic blood pressure and cortisol. Thus, these findings indicate that caffeine increases arousal and has a psychotogenic effect when administered to schizophrenic patients. The possible roles of various neurotransmitters is discussed with special emphasis on caffeine's actions on dopaminergic and adenosinergic systems.
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For schizophrenia, caffeine may exacerbate psychotic symptoms, although the majority of this literature is informed by case studies, with very few double-blind placebo-controlled studies.
“For other mental illness, such as schizophrenia, caffeine may exacerbate psychotic symptoms (209), although the majority of this literature is informed by case studies, with very few double-blind placebo-controlled studies (210).”
From The Safety of Ingested Caffeine: A Comprehensive Review (2017) · cites this paper as [209]
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- Authors
- Lucas, P. B., Pickar, D., Kelsoe, J., Rapaport, M., Pato, C., & Hommer, D.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Mental Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pickar, David
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1990-07
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 35-40
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1979225061
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- caffeine, schizophrenia, psychopathology, arousal, psychosis, mania, blood pressure, cortisol, dopaminergic system, adenosinergic system, neurotransmitters
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Arousal, Caffeine, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology
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