The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger
Abstract
This report describes the construction of a questionnaire to measure three dimensions of human eating behavior. The first step was a collation of items from two existing questionnaires that measure the related concepts of 'restrained eating' and 'latent obesity', to which were added items newly written to elucidate these concepts. This version was administered to several populations selected to include persons who exhibited the spectrum from extreme dietary restraint to extreme lack of restraint. The resulting responses were factor analyzed and the resulting factor structure was used to revise the questionnaire. This process was then repeated: administration of the revised questionnaire to groups representing extremes of dietary restraint, factor analysis of the results and questionnaire revision. Three stable factors emerged: (1) 'cognitive restraint of eating', (2) 'disinhibition' and (3) 'hunger'. The new 51-item questionnaire measuring these factors is presented.
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“The measure comprises three subscales, cognitive restraint of eating (α = 0.93), disinhibition (α = 0.91), and hunger (α = 0.85), which uphold good reliability and validity (41).”
From The acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of a supported online self-help treatment program for binge-eating disorder (2023) · cites this paper as [41]
Citations
Cites
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Development of the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire
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Impulse and Self-Control From a Dual-Systems Perspective
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Metadata
- Authors
- Stunkard, A. J., & Messick, S.
- Affiliations
- Educational Testing Service (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1985-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 71-83
- ISSN
- 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2011790043
- Cited by
- 4,687
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 113 · 2025: 163 · 2024: 137 · 2023: 166 · 2022: 181 · 2021: 197 · 2020: 222 · 2019: 206 · 2018: 176 · 2017: 182 · 2016: 183 · 2015: 224 · 2014: 192 · 2013: 191 · 2012: 194
- FWCI
- 21.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-31050)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, dietary restraint, disinhibition, hunger, dietary habits, questionnaire development, factor structure
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Diet, Reducing, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Hunger, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires
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