Impulse and Self-Control From a Dual-Systems Perspective

Hofmann, Wilhelm; Friese, Malte; Strack, Fritz

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01116.x

Cited by 1,487Behavioral Health and InterventionsDecision-Making and Behavioral EconomicsNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Impulse and Self-Control From a Dual-Systems Perspective

Hofmann, Wilhelm, Friese, Malte, Strack, Fritz·2009·Perspectives on Psychological Science

DOI 10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01116.x

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Abstract

Though human beings embody a unique ability for planned behavior, they also often act impulsively. This insight may be important for the study of self-control situations in which people are torn between their long-term goals to restrain behavior and their immediate impulses that promise hedonic fulfillment. In the present article, we outline a dual-systems perspective of impulse and self-control and suggest a framework for the prediction of self-control outcomes. This framework combines three elements that, considered jointly, may enable a more precise prediction of self-control outcomes than they do when studied in isolation: impulsive precursors of behavior, reflective precursors, and situational or dispositional boundary conditions. The theoretical and practical utility of such an approach is demonstrated by drawing on recent evidence from several domains of self-control such as eating, drinking, and sexual behavior.

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The dual-mode of self-control model includes an impulse system and a self-control system.
“According to the dual-mode of self-control model, the complete self-control model includes an impulse system and a self-control system (Hofmann, Friese, & Strack, 2009).”
From Loneliness and problematic mobile phone use among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: The roles of escape motivation and self-control (2021) · cites this paper as Hofmann, Friese, & Strack, 2009
In the face of temptation, the impulse system may produce a positive approach to temptation, while the self-control system can reject temptation through thoughtful consideration and standards.
“In the face of temptation, the impulse system may produce a positive approach to temptation, while the self-control system can reject temptation through thoughtful consideration and standards.”
From Loneliness and problematic mobile phone use among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: The roles of escape motivation and self-control (2021) · cites this paper as Hofmann, Friese, & Strack, 2009
The impulse system may have a positive link with problematic behaviors, increasing the likelihood of problematic mobile phone use.
“As mentioned, the impulse system may be positively associated with problematic behaviors (Hofmann et al., 2009, Li and Huang, 2012), making it more likely to lead to PMPU.”
From Loneliness and problematic mobile phone use among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: The roles of escape motivation and self-control (2021) · cites this paper as Hofmann et al., 2009

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Masicampo, E. J., & Baumeister, R. F. (2008) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02077.x · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Executive functioning: A conceptual framework for alcohol-related aggression.
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(Close) distance makes the heart grow fonder: Improving implicit racial attitudes and interracial interactions through approach behaviors.
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On the psychology of drinking: Being thirsty and perceptually ready
Aarts, H., Dijksterhuis, A., & de Vries, P. (2001) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1348/000712601162383 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Development of cognition, affect, and social relations
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Improved Self-Control: The Benefits of a Regular Program of Academic Study
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Interactions between implicit and explicit cognition and working memory capacity in the prediction of alcohol use in at-risk adolescents
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Three ways to resist temptation: The independent contributions of executive attention, inhibitory control, and affect regulation to the impulse control of eating behavior
Hofmann, W., Friese, M., & Roefs, A. (2009) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2008.09.013 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
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Method-Specific Variance in the Implicit Association Test.
Mierke, J., & Klauer, K. C. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.6.1180 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
When and why do implicit measures predict behaviour? Empirical evidence for the moderating role of opportunity, motivation, and process reliance
Friese, M., Hofmann, W., & Schmitt, M. J. (2008) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463280802556958 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Self-citation
Prepared to eat: how immediate affective and motivational responses to food cues are influenced by food deprivation
Seibt, B., Häfner, M., & Deutsch, R. (2006) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.365 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Control me or I will control you: Impulses, trait self-control, and the guidance of behavior
Friese, M., & Hofmann, W. (2009) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2009.07.004 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Self-citation
Working memory capacity moderates the predictive effects of drug-related associations on substance use
Grenard, J. L., Ames, S. L., Wiers, R. W., Thush, C., Sussman, S., & Stacy, A. W. (2008) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/0893-164x.22.3.426 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Self-Regulation and Sexual Restraint: Dispositionally and Temporarily Poor Self-Regulatory Abilities Contribute to Failures at Restraining Sexual Behavior
Gailliot, M. T., & Baumeister, R. F. (2007) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167206293472 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Implicit consumer preferences and their influence on product choice
Friese, M., Wänke, M., & Plessner, H. (2006) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.20126 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
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Ego—Depletion and Prejudice: Separating Automatic and Controlled Components
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Impulses got the better of me: alcohol moderates the influence of implicit attitudes toward food cues on eating behavior.
Hofmann, W., & Friese, M. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.117.2.420 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Temptation and Restraint Inventory for measuring drinking restraint
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Anxiety, hunger, and eating behavior.
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Attitudes towards people with AIDS and avoidance behavior: Automatic and reflective bases of behavior
Neumann, R., Hülsenbeck, K., & Seibt, B. (2003) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2003.10.006 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
The Effects of Behavioral Inhibition: Integrating Internal Cues, Cognition, Behavior, and Affect
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Drinking without thinking: An implicit measure of alcohol motivation predicts failure to control alcohol use
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Ironic processes in the eating behaviour of restrained eaters
Boon, B. J. F., Stroebe, W., Schut, H. A. W., & IJntema, R. C. (2002) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1348/135910702169303 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Alcohol effects on intentional behavior: Dissociating controlled and automatic influences.
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Loss of Willpower: Abnormal Neural Mechanisms of Impulse Control and Decision Making in Addiction
Bechara, A., Noël, X., & Crone, E. A. (2006) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412976237.n15 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Does the Implicit Association Test for assessing anxiety measure trait and state variance?
Schmukle, S. C., & Egloff, B. (2004) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.525 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
The Search for New Ways to Change Implicit Alcohol‐Related Cognitions in Heavy Drinkers
Wiers, R. W. H. J., Cox, W. M., Field, M., Fadardi, J. S., Palfai, T. P., Schoenmakers, T. M., & Stacy, A. W. (2006) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00037.x · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self‐Regulatory Resources Power the Reflective System: Evidence From Five Domains
Vohs, K. D. (2006) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15327663jcp1603_3 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Automatic affective responses to smoking cues.
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Heart Versus Reason in Condom Use: Implicit Versus Explicit Attitudinal Predictors of Sexual Behavior
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On desire: why we want what we want
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Religion, morality, and self-control: values, virtues, and vices
Geyer, A. L., & Baumeister, R. F. (2005) · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Alcohol and behavioral control: Impaired response inhibition and flexibility in social drinkers.
Easdon, C. M., & Vogel-Sprott, M. D. (2000) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.8.3.387 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Alcohol and self-regulation.
Hull, J. G., & Slone, L. B. (2004) · Cited by 64 · see citing works
What would you have as a last supper? Thoughts about death influence evaluation and consumption of food products
Friese, M., & Hofmann, W. (2008) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2008.06.003 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citation
Cooling the heat of temptation: Mental self‐control and the automatic evaluation of tempting stimuli
Hofmann, W., Deutsch, R., Lancaster, K., & Banaji, M. R. (2009) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.708 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citation
Men on the “Pull”
Hofmann, W., Friese, M., & Gschwendner, T. (2009) · Social Psychology · doi:10.1027/1864-9335.40.2.73 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citation
Evaluative conditioning with foods as CSs and body shapes as USs: No evidence for sex differences, extinction, or overshadowing
Dwyer, D. M., Jarratt, F., & Dick, K. (2007) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930600551592 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Nonconscious Control and Implicit Working Memory
Hassin, R. R. (2006) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195307696.003.0009 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Using foods as CSs and body shapes as UCSs: A putative role for associative learning in the development of eating disorders
Lascelles, K. R. R., Field, A. P., & Davey, G. C. L. (2003) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(03)80014-x · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Effects of restraint, monitoring, and stimulus salience on eating behavior
Collins, J. E. (1978) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/0306-4603(78)90019-9 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
17. The role of impulse in social behavior
Strack, F., & Deutsch, R. (2007) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja) · Cited by 14 · see citing works
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Executive functions
Diamond, A. (2013) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750 · Cited by 13,268 · see citing works
Ego depletion and the strength model of self-control: a meta-analysis
Hagger, M. S., Wood, C., Stiff, C., & Chatzisarantis, N. L. D. (2010) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0019486 · Cited by 2,265 · see citing works
Executive functions and self-regulation
Hofmann, W., Schmeichel, B. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2012) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2012.01.006 · Cited by 1,965 · see citing works
Self-citation
Inhibition and impulsivity: behavioral and neural basis of response control
Bari, A., & Robbins, T. W. (2013) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.06.005 · Cited by 1,921 · see citing works
Taking Stock of Self-Control: A Meta-Analysis of How Trait Self-Control Relates to a Wide Range of Behaviors
de Ridder, D. T. D., Lensvelt-Mulders, G., Finkenauer, C., Stok, F. M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2012) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868311418749 · Cited by 1,693 · see citing works
Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: Meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work.
Kish-Gephart, J. J., Harrison, D. A., & Treviño, L. K. (2010) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0017103 · Cited by 1,690 · see citing works
Annual Research Review: On the relations among self‐regulation, self‐control, executive functioning, effortful control, cognitive control, impulsivity, risk‐taking, and inhibition for developmental psychopathology
Nigg, J. T. (2017) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12675 · Cited by 1,518 · see citing works
An opportunity cost model of subjective effort and task performance
Kurzban, R., Duckworth, A., Kable, J. W., & Myers, J. (2013) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x12003196 · Cited by 1,381 · see citing works
What Is Ego Depletion? Toward a Mechanistic Revision of the Resource Model of Self-Control
Inzlicht, M., & Schmeichel, B. J. (2012) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691612454134 · Cited by 1,079 · see citing works
Cognitive neuroscience of self-regulation failure
Heatherton, T. F., & Wagner, D. D. (2011) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2010.12.005 · Cited by 1,033 · see citing works
A meta-analysis of the convergent validity of self-control measures
Duckworth, A. L., & Kern, M. L. (2011) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2011.02.004 · Cited by 1,031 · see citing works
Everyday temptations: an experience sampling study of desire, conflict, and self-control
Hofmann, W., Baumeister, R. F., Förster, G., & Vohs, K. D. (2012) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026545 · Cited by 986 · see citing works
Self-citation
Situational Strategies for Self-Control
Duckworth, A. L., Gendler, T. S., & Gross, J. J. (2016) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691615623247 · Cited by 759 · see citing works
The evolution and psychology of self-deception
von Hippel, W., & Trivers, R. L. (2011) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x10001354 · Cited by 735 · see citing works
On conceptualizing self-control as more than the effortful inhibition of impulses.
Fujita, K. (2011) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868311411165 · Cited by 734 · see citing works
Impulsive versus reflective influences on health behavior: a theoretical framework and empirical review
Hofmann, W., Friese, M., & Wiers, R. (2008) · Health Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/17437190802617668 · Cited by 694 · see citing works
Self-citation
Integrating Models of Self-Regulation
Inzlicht, M., Werner, K. M., Briskin, J. L., & Roberts, B. W. (2021) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-061020-105721 · Cited by 594 · see citing works
What type of content are smartphone users addicted to?: SNS vs. games
Jeong, S.-H., Kim, H., Yum, J.-Y., & Hwang, Y. (2016) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.07.035 · Cited by 500 · see citing works
Executive Function Performance in Obesity and Overweight Individuals: A Meta-Analysis and Review
Yang, Y., Shields, G. S., Guo, C., & Liu, Y. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.11.020 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Factors that influence mental health of university and college students in the UK: a systematic review
Campbell, F., Blank, L., Cantrell, A. J., Baxter, S. K., Blackmore, C., Dixon, J., & Goyder, E. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13943-x · Cited by 491 · see citing works
Cognitive Bias Modification and Cognitive Control Training in Addiction and Related Psychopathology: Mechanisms, Clinical Perspectives, and Ways Forward
Wiers, R. W., Gladwin, T. E., Hofmann, W., Salemink, E., & Ridderinkhof, K. R. (2013) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702612466547 · Cited by 486 · see citing works
Self-citation
On Integrating the Components of Self-Control
Kotabe, H., & Hofmann, W. (2015) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691615593382 · Cited by 486 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Handbook of Behavior Change
Hagger, M. S., Cameron, L. D., Hamilton, K., Hankonen, N. E., & Lintunen, T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318 · Cited by 420 · see citing works
The importance of habits in eating behaviour. An overview and recommendations for future research
Riet, J. V., Sijtsema, S. J., Dagevos, H., & De Bruijn, G.-J. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.07.010 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
“Meatless days” or “less but better”? Exploring strategies to adapt Western meat consumption to health and sustainability challenges
de Boer, J., Schösler, H., & Aiking, H. (2014) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2014.02.002 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Self-Control as Value-Based Choice
Berkman, E. T., Hutcherson, C. A. C., Livingston, J., Kahn, L. E., & Inzlicht, M. (2017) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721417704394 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Problematic Use of Social Networking Sites: Antecedents and Consequence from a Dual-System Theory Perspective
Turel, O., & Qahri‐Saremi, H. (2016) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.1080/07421222.2016.1267529 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Cognition and Emotion Lecture at the 2010 SPSP Emotion Preconference
Gross, J. J., Sheppes, G., & Urry, H. L. (2011) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2011.555753 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Saying “no” to temptation: Want-to motivation improves self-regulation by reducing temptation rather than by increasing self-control.
Milyavskaya, M., Inzlicht, M., Hope, N. H., & Koestner, R. (2015) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000045 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Depression, loneliness and Internet addiction: How important is low self-control?
Özdemir, Y., Kuzucu, Y., & Ak, Ş. (2014) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.02.009 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Habit and physical activity: Theoretical advances, practical implications, and agenda for future research
Hagger, M. S. (2018) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.12.007 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Executive functions and the self-regulation of eating behavior: A review
Dohle, S., Diel, K., & Hofmann, W. (2018) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2017.05.041 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Self-citation
Arrested development? Reconsidering dual-systems models of brain function in adolescence and disorders
Pfeifer, J. H., & Allen, N. B. (2012) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2012.04.011 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Dysfunctions of decision‐making and cognitive control as transdiagnostic mechanisms of mental disorders: advances, gaps, and needs in current research
Goschke, T. (2014) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.1410 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using the Theory of Planned Behavior
Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.002 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Effortless Self‐Control: A Novel Perspective on Response Conflict Strategies in Trait Self‐Control
Gillebaart, M., & de Ridder, D. T. D. (2015) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12160 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
“Facebocrastination”? Predictors of using Facebook for procrastination and its effects on students’ well-being
Meier, A., Reinecke, L., & Meltzer, C. E. (2016) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.06.011 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
The multi-factor structure of the Brief Self-Control Scale: Discriminant validity of restraint and impulsivity
Maloney, P. W., Grawitch, M. J., & Barber, L. K. (2011) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2011.10.001 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Self-Control in School-Age Children
Duckworth, A. L., Gendler, T. S., & Gross, J. J. (2014) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2014.926225 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Excessive use of mobile social networking sites and poor academic performance: Antecedents and consequences from stressor-strain-outcome perspective
Cao, X., Masood, A., Luqman, A., & Ali, A. (2018) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.023 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Iowa Gambling Task (IGT): twenty years after – gambling disorder and IGT
Brevers, D., Bechara, A., Cleeremans, A., & Noël, X. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00665 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Towards a Unitary Approach to Human Action Control
Hommel, B., & Wiers, R. W. H. J. (2017) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2017.09.009 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Unpacking Self-Control
Duckworth, A. L., & Steinberg, L. D. (2015) · Child Development Perspectives · doi:10.1111/cdep.12107 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Neural Predictors of Giving in to Temptation in Daily Life
Lopez, R. B., Hofmann, W., Wagner, D. D., Kelley, W. M., & Heatherton, T. F. (2014) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797614531492 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Self-citation
Why Are Abusive Supervisors Abusive? A Dual-system Self-control Model
Liang, L. H., Lian, H., Brown, D. J., Ferris, D. L., Hanig, S., & Keeping, L. M. (2015) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2014.0651 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Digital Behaviour Change Interventions to Break and Form Habits
Pinder, C., Vermeulen, J., Cowan, B. R., & Beale, R. (2018) · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction · doi:10.1145/3196830 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Unresolved questions in nudging research: Putting the psychology back in nudging
Marchiori, D. R., Adriaanse, M. A., & de Ridder, D. T. D. (2017) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12297 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
A General Model of Preventive and Interventive Self‐Control
Hofmann, W., & Kotabe, H. (2012) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2012.00461.x · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Self-citation
If you are able to control yourself, I will trust you: The role of perceived self-control in interpersonal trust.
Righetti, F., & Finkenauer, C. (2011) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0021827 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Neurobehavioural correlates of body mass index and eating behaviours in adults: A systematic review
Vainik, U., Dagher, A., Dubé, L., & Fellows, L. K. (2012) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.11.008 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Self-Control Moderates the Association Between Perceived Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Mental Health Problems Among the Chinese Public
Li, J., Yang, A., Dou, K., & Cheung, R. Y. M. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17134820 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Believing what we do not believe: acquiescence to superstitious beliefs and other powerful intuitions
Risen, J. L. (2016) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/rev0000017 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Turning a blind eye to temptation: How cognitive load can facilitate self-regulation.
van Dillen, L. F., Papies, E. K., & Hofmann, W. (2012) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031262 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Self-citation
On taming horses and strengthening riders: Recent developments in research on interventions to improve self-control in health behaviors
Friese, M., Hofmann, W., & Wiers, R. W. (2011) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2010.536417 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Role of Metamotivational Monitoring in Motivation Regulation
Miele, D. B., & Scholer, A. A. (2017) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2017.1371601 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Cognitive training as a potential treatment for overweight and obesity: A critical review of the evidence
Jones, A., Hardman, C. A., Lawrence, N., & Field, M. (2017) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2017.05.032 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Control me or I will control you: Impulses, trait self-control, and the guidance of behavior
Friese, M., & Hofmann, W. (2009) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2009.07.004 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Self-citation
Good habits gone bad: Explaining negative consequences associated with the use of mobile phones from a dual‐systems perspective
Soror, A. A., Hammer, B. I., Steelman, Z. R., Davis, F. D., & Limayem, M. (2015) · Information Systems Journal · doi:10.1111/isj.12065 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Self-regulation as a protective factor against risky drinking and sexual behavior.
Quinn, P. D., & Fromme, K. (2010) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0018547 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Hierarchical control over effortful behavior by rodent medial frontal cortex: A computational model.
Holroyd, C. B., & McClure, S. M. (2014) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/a0038339 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Desire
Hofmann, W., & van Dillen, L. V. (2012) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721412453587 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Self-citation
Is It Really Self-Control? Examining the Predictive Power of the Delay of Gratification Task
Duckworth, A. L., Tsukayama, E., & Kirby, T. A. (2013) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167213482589 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Reflective and Impulsive Determinants of Human Behavior
Wiers, R. W. H. J., Gladwin, T. E., Deutsch, R., Gawronski, B., & Hofmann, W. (2016) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315523095 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Self-citation
Dieting and the self‐control of eating in everyday environments: An experience sampling study
Hofmann, W., Adriaanse, M. A., Vohs, K. D., & Baumeister, R. F. (2013) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjhp.12053 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Self-citation
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Authors: Hofmann, W., Friese, M., & Strack, F.
Affiliations: University of Würzburg (DE)
University of Basel (CH)
Corresponding author: Hofmann, Wilhelm
ORCID: Hofmann, Wilhelm
Friese, Malte
Strack, Fritz
Venue: Perspectives on Psychological Science
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2009-03
Volume: 4
Issue: 2
Pages: 162-176
ISSN: 1745-6916 (ISSN-L)
1745-6924
DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01116.x
OpenAlex: W1977835193
Semantic Scholar: 01bb2752a7444e2822d0ca456ba06f32dbd26d87
Cited by: 1,487
References: 144
Citations by year: 2026: 108 · 2025: 107 · 2024: 117 · 2023: 103 · 2022: 86 · 2021: 116 · 2020: 140 · 2019: 127 · 2018: 94 · 2017: 98 · 2016: 73 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 57 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 45
FWCI: 46.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Perspectives on Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: impulse control, self-control, dual-system theory, impulsivity, theory of planned behavior, long-term goals, hedonic motivation, boundary conditions, dietary habits, drinking behavior, sexual behavior

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Impulse and Self-Control From a Dual-Systems Perspective

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