Ultrastructural changes after concentric and eccentric contractions of human muscle
Abstract
Four normal subjects performed a 20 min step test using a step of the same relative height. During the test the quadriceps muscle of one leg contracted concentrically throughout by stepping up, while the contralateral muscle contracted eccentrically by controlling the step down. Thus both muscles performed the same amount of work. Three subjects had bilateral needle biopsies just prior to exercise. All four had bilateral biopsies immediately after exercise, and 24-48 hours later when the muscles which had contracted eccentrically were painful. The samples were examined by light and electron microscopy. No abnormalities were seen in pre-exercise samples nor after exercise in muscles which had contracted concentrically. The muscles which had contracted eccentrically showed some damage immediately after exercise. In the samples taken 24-48 hours after exercise the damage was more marked and involved a greater percentage of fibres. In view of the known differences between these types of contractions it is suggested that the initial damage is mechanically induced. The exacerbation of damage with time could be due to mechanical or chemical factors.
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Disruptions to sarcomeric and sarcolemmal structures have been observed within days of the eccentric exercise bout.
“As the normal progression of damage and regeneration processes occur, disruptions to sarcomeric (contractile apparatus) and sarcolemmal (membrane) structures have been observed within days of the eccentric exercise bout (35, 55, 56).”
From Phytoecdysteroids Accelerate Recovery of Skeletal Muscle Function Following in vivo Eccentric Contraction-Induced Injury in Adult and Old Mice (2021) · cites this paper as [55]
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- Authors
- Newham, D. J., McPhail, G., Mills, K. R., & Edwards, R. H. T.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of the Neurological Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1983-09
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 109-122
- ISSN
- 0022-510X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2127058444
- Cited by
- 602
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 13.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the Neurological Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- eccentric contraction, concentric contraction, muscle ultrastructure, exercise-induced muscle damage, quadriceps, step test, muscle fiber damage, mechanical damage, chemical injury
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Biomechanical Phenomena, Biopsy, Physical Exertion, Female, Humans, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Middle Aged, Muscle Contraction, Muscles, Muscular Diseases, Myofibrils
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