Geometry for the selfish herd

Adaptation and Natural Selection

Williams, G. C. (2008) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781400820108 · Cited by 3,930

Ecological Adaptations for Breeding in Birds

Keast, A., & Lack, D. L. (1970) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.2307/2874 · Cited by 3,769

Animal Dispersion in Relation to Social Behaviour

(1962) · Ibis · doi:10.1111/j.1474-919x.1962.tb08690.x · Cited by 2,058

The Evolution of Altruistic Behavior

Hamilton, W. D. O. (1963) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/497114 · Cited by 2,032

Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development

Galton, F. (1883) · MacMillan Co eBooks · doi:10.1037/14178-000 · Cited by 1,851

Inquiries into human faculty and its development.

Galton, F. (1919) · Dent eBooks · doi:10.1037/10913-000 · Cited by 1,404

The laws of expanding circles and spheres in relation to the lateral growth of surface films and the grain-size of metals

Evans, U. R. (1945) · Transactions of the Faraday Society · doi:10.1039/tf9454100365 · Cited by 612

Mimicry in plants and animals

Wickler, W. (1968) · Max Planck Digital Library · Cited by 522

Random Subdivisions of Space into Crystals

Gilbert, E. N. (1962) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177704464 · Cited by 419

"Typical Intensity" and Its Relation To the Problem of Ritualisation

Morris, D. (1957) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/156853956x00057 · Cited by 238

Female Dominance and Social Structure in Alaotran Gentle Lemurs

Waeber, P. O., & Hemelrijk, C. K. (2003) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/156853903771980576 · Cited by 87

Evolution of ungulate mating systems: Integrating social and environmental factors

Bowyer, R. T., McCullough, D. R., Rachlow, J. L., Ciuti, S., & Whiting, J. C. (2020) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.6246 · Cited by 87

Flight distance in roe deer Capreolus capreolus and fallow deer Dama dama as related to hunting and other factors

de Boer, H. Y., van Breukelen, L., Hootsmans, M. J. M., & van Wieren, S. E. (2004) · Wildlife Biology · doi:10.2981/wlb.2004.007 · Cited by 87

Impact of Predation Risk on the Behaviour of Propithecus Diadema Edwardsi in the Rain Forest of Madagascar

Wright, P. C. (1998) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/156853998793066186 · Cited by 87

Effects of human activity on physiological and behavioral responses of an endangered steppe bird

Tarjuelo, R., Barja, I., Morales, M. B., Traba, J., Benítez‐López, A., Casas, F., Arroyo, B., Delgado, M. P., & Mougeot, F. (2015) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arv016 · Cited by 87

Group-living in cliff swallows as an advantage in avoiding predators

Brown, C. R., & Brown, M. B. (1987) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/bf02395437 · Cited by 87

Foraging in honeybees—when does it pay to dance?

Beekman, M., & Lew, J. (2007) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arm117 · Cited by 86

The Origin of Behavior

Brennan, T. J., & Lo, A. W. (2011) · Quarterly Journal of Finance · doi:10.1142/s201013921100002x · Cited by 83

Dispersion of displaying male sage grouse

Bradbury, J. W., Vehrencamp, S. L., & Gibson, R. M. (1989) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/bf00300112 · Cited by 87

Tit-For-Tat in guppies (Poecilia reticulata): the relative nature of cooperation and defection during predator inspection

Dugatkin, L. A., & Alfieri, M. S. (1991) · Evolutionary Ecology · doi:10.1007/bf02214234 · Cited by 87

Raptor predation on wintering waders in southeast Scotland

Whitfield, D. P. (1985) · Ibis · doi:10.1111/j.1474-919x.1985.tb04850.x · Cited by 87

An experimental study of behavioural group size effects in tammar wallabies, Macropus eugenii

Blumstein, D. T., Evans, C. S., & Daniel, J. C. (1999) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.1999.1156 · Cited by 87

EXPERIMENTAL CHANGES IN RESOURCE STRUCTURE AND MALE DENSITY: SIZE‐RELATED DIFFERENCES IN MATING SUCCESS AMONG MALESCATOPHAGA STERCORARIA

Borgia, G. (1982) · Evolution · doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1982.tb05046.x · Cited by 87

Social reward monitoring and valuation in the macaque brain

Noritake, A., Ninomiya, T., & Isoda, M. (2018) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0229-7 · Cited by 88

Antipredator strategies of pupae: how to avoid predation in an immobile life stage?

Lindstedt, C., Murphy, L., & Mappes, J. (2019) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2019.0069 · Cited by 86

An improved binary sparrow search algorithm for feature selection in data classification

Gad, A. G., Sallam, K. M., Chakrabortty, R. K., Ryan, M. J., & Abohany, A. A. (2022) · Neural Computing and Applications · doi:10.1007/s00521-022-07203-7 · Cited by 91

Dynamics of fish shoals: identifying key decision rules

Tien, J. H., Levin, S. A., & Rubenstein, D. I. (2004) · Cited by 86

Biology of the Parasitoid Melittobia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Matthews, R. W., González, J. M., Matthews, J. R., & Deyrup, L. D. (2008) · Annual Review of Entomology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.54.110807.090440 · Cited by 86

Mixed-species flocks: an example of niche construction?

Harrison, N. M., & Whitehouse, M. J. (2011) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.01.013 · Cited by 86

Shoals and schools: back to the heuristic definitions and quantitative references

Delcourt, J., & Poncin, P. (2012) · Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries · doi:10.1007/s11160-012-9260-z · Cited by 86

The benefit of being a social butterfly: communal roosting deters predation

Finkbeiner, S. D., Briscoe, A. D., & Reed, R. D. (2012) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.0203 · Cited by 85

The Dilemma of the Selfish Herd: The Search for a Realistic Movement Rule

Viscido, S. V., Miller, M. R., & Wethey, D. S. (2002) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1006/jtbi.2002.3025 · Cited by 88

Waterhole use by African Fauna

Hayward, M. W., & Hayward, M. D. (2012) · South African Journal of Wildlife Research · doi:10.3957/056.042.0209 · Cited by 84

Leporid social behaviour and social organization

Cowan, D., & Bell, D. J. (1986) · Mammal Review · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1986.tb00039.x · Cited by 85

Gregariousness and sociality in spiny lobsters: implications for den habitation

Zimmer, R. K., & Spanier, E. (1987) · Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology · doi:10.1016/s0022-0981(87)80029-1 · Cited by 85

CHEMICAL ATTRACTION CAUSING AGGREGATION IN THE SPINY LOBSTER,PANULIRUS INTERRUPTUS(RANDALL), AND ITS PROBABLE ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Zimmer, R. K., Tyre, J. E., & Case, J. F. (1985) · Biological Bulletin · doi:10.2307/1541391 · Cited by 85

Sleeping site selection by proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Feilen, K. L., & Marshall, A. J. (2014) · American Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1002/ajp.22298 · Cited by 84

Geometry for a selfish foraging group: a genetic algorithm approach

Barta, Z., Flynn, R. E., & Giraldeau, L. (1997) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.1997.0170 · Cited by 84

Group size and anti-predator strategies in a marine insect

Treherne, J. E., & Foster, W. A. (1982) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(82)80066-3 · Cited by 84

Schooling in Sphyrna lewini, a Species with Low Risk of Predation: a Non‐egalitarian State

Klimley, A. P. (1985) · Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1985.tb00520.x · Cited by 84

Group structure and kinship in beluga whale societies

O’Corry-Crowe, G., Suydam, R., Quakenbush, L., Smith, T. G., Lydersen, C., Kovacs, K. M., Orr, J., Harwood, L., Litovka, D., & Ferrer, T. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67314-w · Cited by 81

Resting or hiding? Why broiler chickens stay near walls and how density affects this

Buijs, S., Keeling, L. J., Vangestel, C., Baert, J. J., Vangeyte, J., & Tuyttens, F. (2010) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2010.02.007 · Cited by 83

Social Information on Fear and Food Drives Animal Grouping and Fitness

Gil, M. A., Emberts, Z., Jones, H. H., & Mary, C. M. S. (2016) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/690055 · Cited by 83

Social, Spacing, and Cooperative Behavior of the Collared Peccary, Tayassu tajacu

Byers, J. A., & Bekoff, M. (1981) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.2307/1380598 · Cited by 83

Bill dimorphism and foraging niche partitioning in the green woodhoopoe

Radford, A. N., & Plessis, M. A. D. (2003) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2656.2003.00697.x · Cited by 82

Finding pathways to human–elephant coexistence: a risky business

Songhurst, A., McCulloch, G. P., & Coulson, T. N. (2015) · Oryx · doi:10.1017/s0030605315000344 · Cited by 84

Vibrational Communication and the Ecology of Group-Living, Herbivorous Insects

Cocroft, R. B. (2001) · American Zoologist · doi:10.1093/icb/41.5.1215 · Cited by 83

An Experimental Analysis of Mixed‐Species Flocking in Birds of Deciduous Woodland

Berner, T. O., & Grubb, T. C. (1985) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1939176 · Cited by 83

Site fidelity and seasonal range use by bighorn rams

Festa‐Bianchet, M. (1986) · Canadian Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1139/z86-326 · Cited by 83

Individual Differences in Fish Behaviour

Magurran, A. E. (1986) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-8261-4_13 · Cited by 83

Promises and challenges of human computational ethology

Mobbs, D., Wise, T., Suthana, N., Guzman, N., Kriegeskorte, N., & Leibo, J. Z. (2021) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2021.05.021 · Cited by 86

Perspectives on the behavior of entomopathogenic nematodes from dispersal to reproduction: traits contributing to nematode fitness and biocontrol efficacy.

Griffin, C. T. (2012) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 82

Confusion of predators does not rely on specialist coordinated behavior

Ruxton, G. D., Jackson, A. L., & Tosh, C. R. (2007) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arm009 · Cited by 82

Intraspecific responses to distress calls of the pipistrelle bat,Pipistrellus pipistrellus

Russ, J. M., Racey, P. A., & Jones, G. (1998) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.1997.0665 · Cited by 82

Do Female Chacma Baboons Compete for a Safe Spatial Position in a Southern Woodland Habitat?

Ron, T., Henzi, S. P., & Motro, U. (1996) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/156853996x00549 · Cited by 82

Herd behavior in a complex adaptive system

Zhao, L., Yang, G., Wang, W., Chen, Y., Huang, J., Ohashi, H., & Stanley, E. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1105239108 · Cited by 84

Use of space in the domestic fowl: separating the effects of enclosure size, group size and density

Leone, E. H., & Estévez, I. (2008) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.08.004 · Cited by 82

Is there always an influence of shoal size on predator hunting success?

Krause, J., Ruxton, G. D., & Rubenstein, D. I. (1998) · Journal of Fish Biology · doi:10.1006/jfbi.1997.0595 · Cited by 82

Energetic and Thermoregulatory Aspects of Clustering Behavior in the Neotropical Bat Noctilio albiventris

Roverud, R. C., & Chappell, M. A. (1991) · Physiological Zoology · doi:10.1086/physzool.64.6.30158228 · Cited by 82

Dwindling resources and the social behaviour of Capybaras, (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) (Mammalia)

Macdonald, D. W. (1981) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1981.tb04588.x · Cited by 129

Uganda kob mating success does not increase on larger leks

Deutsch, J. C. (1994) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/bf00167337 · Cited by 81

Social interactions among grazing reef fish drive material flux in a coral reef ecosystem

Gil, M. A., & Hein, A. M. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1615652114 · Cited by 81

State–dependent foraging rules for social animals in selfish herds

Rands, S. A., Pettifor, R. A., Rowcliffe, J. M., & Cowlishaw, G. (2004) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.2906 · Cited by 79

Predator's attack-induced phase-like transition in prey flock

Lee, S.-H. (2006) · Physics Letters A · doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2006.04.065 · Cited by 81

Gorilla male relationships: Can differences during immaturity lead to contrasting reproductive tactics in adulthood?

Harcourt, A. H., & Stewart, K. J. (1981) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(81)80167-4 · Cited by 81

Aposematic Coloration in Adults and Larvae of Lygaeus equestris and Its Bearing on Müllerian Mimicry: An Experimental Study on Predation on Living Bugs by the Great Tit Parus major

Sillén‐Tullberg, B., Wiklund, C., Järvi, T., Sillén‐Tullberg, B., & Järvi, T. (1982) · Oikos · doi:10.2307/3544476 · Cited by 81

The anti-predator role of within-nest emergence synchrony in sea turtle hatchlings

Santos, R. G. D., Pinheiro, H. T., Martins, A. S., Riul, P., Bruno, S. C., Janzen, F. J., & Ioannou, C. C. (2016) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2016.0697 · Cited by 87

High mate and site fidelity in Cunningham's skinks (Egernia cunninghami) in natural and fragmented habitat

Stow, A., & Sunnucks, P. (2004) · Molecular Ecology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.2003.02061.x · Cited by 80

Risk of predation affects aggregation size: a study with tadpoles of Phrynomantis microps (Anura: Microhylidae)

Spieler, M. (2003) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.2002.2030 · Cited by 80

Cooperation in humans: competition between groups and proximate emotions

Burton-Chellew, M. N., Ross‐Gillespie, A., & West, S. A. (2009) · Evolution and Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2009.07.005 · Cited by 84

The economics of kleptoparasitism: optimal foraging, host and prey selection by gulls

Thompson, D. B. A. (1986) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(86)80179-8 · Cited by 80

Minnows and the selfish herd: effects of predation risk on shoaling behaviour are dependent on habitat complexity

Orpwood, J. E., Magurran, A. E., Armstrong, J. D., & Griffiths, S. W. (2008) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.01.016 · Cited by 81

Habitat Choice, Disturbance, and Management of Foraging Shorebirds and Gulls at a Migratory Stopover

Burger, J., Carlucci, S. A., Jeitner, C. W., & Niles, L. (2007) · Journal of Coastal Research · doi:10.2112/04-0393.1 · Cited by 80

Dynamics of prey-flock escaping behavior in response to predator's attack

Lee, S.-H., Pak, H. K., & Chon, T. (2005) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.09.009 · Cited by 80

Locomotor Ability and Wariness in Yellow‐Bellied Marmots

Blumstein, D. T., Runyan, A., Seymour, M., Nicodemus, A., Özgül, A., Ransler, F. A., Im, S., Stark, T., Zugmeyer, C. A., & Daniel, J. C. (2004) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2004.01000.x · Cited by 80

Emergence of Oblong School Shape: Models and Empirical Data of Fish

Hemelrijk, C. K., Hildenbrandt, H., Reinders, J., & Stamhuis, E. J. (2010) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2010.01818.x · Cited by 80

Imitative (herd) behaviour in direction decision-making hinders efficiency of crowd evacuation processes

Haghani, M., & Sarvi, M. (2019) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2018.12.026 · Cited by 83

The influence of hunger and predation risk on group cohesion in a pelagic fish, walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma

Sogard, S. M., & Olla, B. L. (1997) · Environmental Biology of Fishes · doi:10.1023/a:1007393307007 · Cited by 80

Cytoplasmic male killing elements in Adalia bipunctata (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Hurst, G. D. D., Majerus, M. E. N., & WALKER, L. E. (1992) · Heredity · doi:10.1038/hdy.1992.97 · Cited by 80

Intraspecific nest parasitism and extra-pair copulation in lesser snow geese

Lank, D. B., Mineau, P., Rockwell, R. F., & Cooke, F. (1989) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/0003-3472(89)90008-0 · Cited by 80

Antipredator mechanisms of larval anurans: protection of palatable individuals

Brodie, E. D., & Formanowicz, D. R. (1987) · Herpetologica · Cited by 80

Complex patterns of collective escape in starling flocks under predation

Storms, R. F., Carere, C., Zoratto, F., & Hemelrijk, C. K. (2019) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/s00265-018-2609-0 · Cited by 79

Escape response delays in wintering redshank, Tringa totanus, flocks: perceptual limits and economic decisions

Quinn, J. L., & Cresswell, W. R. (2005) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.10.007 · Cited by 79

Vigilance Patterns of Territorial Guanacos (Lama guanicoe): The Role of Reproductive Interests and Predation Risk

Marino, A., & Baldi, R. (2008) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2008.01485_1.x · Cited by 79

Towards of a firmer explanation of large shoal formation, maintenance and collective reactions in marine fish

Rieucau, G., Fernö, A., Ioannou, C. C., & Handegard, N. O. (2014) · Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries · doi:10.1007/s11160-014-9367-5 · Cited by 79

Flocking and feeding in the fiddler crab (UCA tangeri): Prey availability as risk-taking behaviour

Ens, B. J., Klaassen, M., & Zwarts, L. (1993) · Netherlands Journal of Sea Research · doi:10.1016/0077-7579(93)90060-6 · Cited by 79

Dynamics of the TIT FOR TAT strategy during predator inspection in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata)

Dugatkin, L. A. (1991) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/bf00166487 · Cited by 79

Falsifiability and the Information Centre Hypothesis

Mock, D. W., Lamey, T. C., & Thompson, D. B. A. (1988) · Ornis Scandinavica · doi:10.2307/3676564 · Cited by 79

Gull Predation and Creching Behaviour in the Common Eider

Munro, J., & Bedard, J. (1977) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.2307/3641 · Cited by 79

Variance in the male reproductive success of western gorillas: acquiring females is just the beginning

Breuer, T., Robbins, A. M., Olejniczak, C., Parnell, R. J., Stokes, E. J., & Robbins, M. M. (2009) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/s00265-009-0867-6 · Cited by 78

Geographic patterns in the distribution of social systems in terrestrial arthropods

Purcell, J. (2010) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.2010.00156.x · Cited by 78

Social context affects risk taking by a satellite species in a mixed-species foraging group

Dolby, A. S. (2000) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/11.1.110 · Cited by 78

Coordination, independence or synchronization of individual vigilance in the eastern grey kangaroo?

Pays, O., Jarman, P. J., Loisel, P., & Gérard, J.-F. (2007) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.06.007 · Cited by 78

Collective decision making by rational individuals

Mann, R. P. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1811964115 · Cited by 78

Is the Information Center Hypothesis a Flop?

Richner, H., & Heeb, P. (1995) · Advances in the study of behavior · doi:10.1016/s0065-3454(08)60391-5 · Cited by 78

Interspecific Response to Playback of Bird Song

Møller, A. P. (1992) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1992.tb00842.x · Cited by 78

Tail Display in Two Species of Iguanid Lizards: A Test of the "Predator Signal" Hypothesis

Dial, B. E. (1986) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/284471 · Cited by 78

Shoaling behaviour of the two-spotted goby

Svensson, P. A., Barber, I., & Forsgren, E. (2000) · Journal of Fish Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb02158.x · Cited by 78

Grey wolf (Canis lupus) predation on livestock in relation to prey availability

Janeiro-Otero, A., Newsome, T. M., van Eeden, L. M., Ripple, W. J., & Dormann, C. F. (2020) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108433 · Cited by 87

Exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics induces an anxiolytic-like effect, changes in antipredator defensive response, and DNA damage in Swiss mice

Guimarães, A. T. B., Freitas, Í. N., Mubarak, N. M., Rahman, M. M., Rodrigues, F. P., Rodrigues, A. S. D. L., Barceló, ‪., Islam, A. R. M. T., & Malafaia, G. (2022) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130004 · Cited by 77

Reindeer and caribou (Rangifer tarandus) response towards human activities

Reimers, E., & Colman, J. E. (2009) · Rangifer · doi:10.7557/2.26.2.188 · Cited by 77

Effects of aggregation pheromone on individual behaviour and food web interactions: a field study on Drosophila

Wertheim, B., Allemand, R., Vet, L. E. M., & Dicke, M. (2006) · Ecological Entomology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.2006.00757.x · Cited by 77

Interspecific Communication in Cooperative Herding: Acoustic and Visual Signals from Human Shepherds and Herding Dogs

McConnell, P. B., & Baylis, J. R. (1985) · Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1985.tb01396.x · Cited by 77

Geometry for mutualistic and selfish herds: the limited domain of danger

James, R., Bennett, P. G., & Krause, J. (2004) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2003.12.005 · Cited by 77

Antipredation role of clumped nesting by marsh-nesting red-winged blackbirds

Picman, J., Leonard, M. L., & Horn, A. G. (1988) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/bf00395693 · Cited by 77

The enduring question of sex-biased dispersal: Paul J. Greenwood's (1980) seminal contribution

Dobson, F. S. (2012) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.11.014 · Cited by 77

The influence of hunger on shoal size choice by three‐spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus

Krause, J. (1993) · Journal of Fish Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1993.tb01154.x · Cited by 77

Social information, social feeding, and competition in group-living goats (Capra hircus)

Shrader, A. M., Kerley, G. I. H., Kotler, B. P., & Brown, J. S. (2006) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arl057 · Cited by 77

Spatial positioning in the selfish herd

Morrell, L. J., Ruxton, G. D., & James, R. (2010) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arq157 · Cited by 77

Diel horizontal migration and swarm formation in Daphnia in response to Chaoborus

Kvam, O. V., & Kleiven, O. T. (1995) · Hydrobiologia · doi:10.1007/bf00032010 · Cited by 77

Simulated evolution of selfish herd behavior

Reluga, T. C., & Viscido, S. V. (2005) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.11.035 · Cited by 53

When the selfish herd is too crowded to enter

Yang, W.-C. (2017) · IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI) · doi:10.1109/ssci.2017.8285189 · Cited by 3

Collective Motion as an Ultimate Effect in Crowded Selfish Herds

Yang, W.-C., & Schmickl, T. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43179-6 · Cited by 10

Predation and the evolution of gregariousness. I. Models for concealment and evasion

Treisman, M. (1975) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/0003-3472(75)90106-2 · Cited by 239

Simulated Evolution of Selsh Herd Behavior

Reluga, T. C., & Viscido, S. V. (2005)