The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Tyrosine reverses a cold-induced working memory deficit in humans
Abstract
Acute exposure to cold stress has been shown to impair short-term, or working, memory, which may be related to reduction in, or disruption of, sustained release of brain catecholamines. Administering a supplemental dose of the catecholamine precursor tyrosine may alleviate cold stress-induced memory impairments by preventing cold-induced deficits in brain catecholamine levels. The present experiment determined whether administration of tyrosine would prevent a cold-induced working memory deficit, using a computer-based delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) memory task. Eight male volunteers performed the DMTS task for 30 min at an ambient temperature of either 4 degrees C (cold) or 22 degrees C following a 30-min preexposure period and 2 h after ingesting 150 mg/kg of L-tyrosine or placebo. Subjects demonstrated a decline in matching accuracy on the DMTS task as delay interval increased, such that matching accuracy following a 16-s delay between sample and comparison stimuli was lower than that following a delay of 2 or 8 s. Consistent with previous research, and relative to 22 degrees C exposure sessions, matching accuracy during 4 degrees C exposure sessions was reduced significantly following placebo administration, which is attributed to the effect of cold exposure on short-term, or working, memory. Administration of tyrosine significantly improved matching accuracy at the longest delay interval most affected by cold exposure, such that matching accuracy in the cold following tyrosine was at the same level as matching accuracy following placebo or tyrosine administration at 22 degrees C. Tyrosine administered prior to 22 degrees C exposure had no effect on DMTS performance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Three of these studies observed superior scores of the tyrosine group on tests of working memory under physical stress as elicited by exposure to cold temperatures (O' Brien et al., 2007;Mahoney et al., 2007;Shurtleff et al., 1994).”
From Behavioral and cognitive effects of tyrosine intake in healthy human adults (2015) · cites this paper as Shurtleff et al., 1994
Citations
Cites
Cognitive Deficit Caused by Regional Depletion of Dopamine in Prefrontal Cortex of Rhesus Monkey
Brozoski, T. J., Brown, R. M., Rosvold, H. E., & Goldman, P. S. (1979) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.112679 · Cited by 1,500
D1 Dopamine Receptors in Prefrontal Cortex: Involvement in Working Memory
Sawaguchi, T., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1825731 · Cited by 1,364
Selective activation of the mesocortical DA system by stress
Thierry, A. M., Tassin, J., BLANC, G., & Glowinski, J. (1976) · Nature · doi:10.1038/263242a0 · Cited by 1,033
Precursor control of neurotransmitter synthesis.
Wurtman, R. J., Hefti, F. F., & Melamed, E. (1980) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0031-6997(25)06841-3 · Cited by 674
Arnsten, A. F. T., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1985) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2999977 · Cited by 549
Decker, M. W., & McGaugh, J. L. (1991) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.890070209 · Cited by 527
Pharmacology of mesocortical dopamine neurons.
Bannon, M. J., & Roth, R. H. (1983) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0031-6997(25)06572-x · Cited by 488
Psychopharmacology: A Generation of Progress
Abrams, A. (1978) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-197810000-00010 · Cited by 423
Arnsten, A., Cai, J., & Goldman-Rakic, P. (1988) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.08-11-04287.1988 · Cited by 391
Korf, J., Aghajanian, G. K., & Roth, R. H. (1973) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/0028-3908(73)90024-5 · Cited by 311
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Palkovits, 1984, Effect of stress on catecholamine- and neuropeptide-containing neurons in the central nervous system, vol. 1, 75
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Modulation of memory fields by dopamine Dl receptors in prefrontal cortex
Williams, G. V., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/376572a0 · Cited by 1,593
Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, and Catecholamine Synthesis and Function in the Brain2
Fernstrom, J. D., & Fernstrom, M. H. (2007) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/137.6.1539s · Cited by 755
“Tyr administration has also been reported to improve working memory under stressful conditions in humans, an effect also linked to catecholamines (39), and to improve swim time in hypothermic rats, given alone or in combination with catecholamine releasing agents (e.”
BackgroundLieberman, H. R., Tharion, W. J., Shukitt‐Hale, B., Speckman, K. L., & Tulley, R. T. (2002) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1217-9 · Cited by 576
“This test was included because it has previously been shown to be sensitive to the effects of cold stress and dietary interventions on cognitive performance (Ahlers et al. 1994; Shurtleff et al. 1994).”
BackgroundEffects of hot and cold temperature exposure on performance: a meta-analytic review
Pilcher, J. J., Nadler, E. D., & Busch, C. (2002) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140130210158419 · Cited by 517
The Impact of Different Environmental Conditions on Cognitive Function: A Focused Review
Taylor, L. K., Watkins, S. L., Marshall, H. L., Dascombe, B. J., & Foster, J. (2016) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2015.00372 · Cited by 383
“Author and date Environment (temperature) Duration Cognitive assessment tool Physiological response Cognitive alterations Shurtleff et al., 1994 4◦C 30min Match to Sample Increased systolic blood pressure following cold exposure Cold exposure reduced matching accuracy Patil et al., 1995 2–3◦C (Cold…”
BackgroundMethod
Metadata
- Authors
- Shurtleff, D., Thomas, J. R., Schrot, J., Kowalski, K., & Harford, R.
- Affiliations
- Naval Medical Research Command (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shurtleff, David
- Venue
- Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1994-04
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 935-941
- ISSN
- 0091-3057 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2049053055
- Cited by
- 142
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Office of Naval Research
- U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Keywords
- tyrosine, cold stress, working memory, short-term memory, catecholamines, norepinephrine, delayed matching-to-sample, memory impairment, stress response, blood pressure
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Pressure, Brain, Cold Temperature, Dopamine, Humans, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Neuropsychological Tests, Norepinephrine, Skin Temperature, Tyrosine
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
