Inhaled nitric oxide as a cause of selective pulmonary vasodilatation in pulmonary hypertension
Abstract
The acute effects of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) (40 ppm in air) on pulmonary (PVR) and systemic (SVR) vascular resistance were compared with those of an intravenous infusion of prostacyclin (24 micrograms/h) in 8 patients with severe pulmonary hypertension and 10 cardiac patients with normal values of PVR. 10 healthy volunteers were studied non-invasively. In the patients with pulmonary hypertension, PVR fell significantly after inhaled NO and after prostacyclin. PVR also fell significantly in the cardiac patients after inhaled NO. Although SVR fell substantially after prostacyclin in patients with pulmonary hypertension, inhaled NO had no effect on SVR in any patient or volunteer. Inhaled NO therefore seems to be both a selective and effective pulmonary vasodilator.
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Inhaled NO induces vasodilation in PAH and is capable of reversing hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
“Inhaled NO induces vasodilation in PAH and is capable of reversing hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction[139–141].”
From Enterosalivary nitrate metabolism and the microbiome: Intersection of microbial metabolism, nitric oxide and diet in cardiac and pulmonary vascular health (2017) · cites this paper as [140]
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- Authors
- PEPKEZABA, J.
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1991-11
- Volume
- 338
- Issue
- 8776
- Pages
- 1173-1174
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2042322531
- Cited by
- 1,055
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 67.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Vascular Anomalies and Treatments
- Keywords
- inhaled nitric oxide, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary vasodilation, pulmonary vascular resistance, systemic vascular resistance, prostacyclin, cardiac patients
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Inhalation, Adult, Coronary Disease, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Infusions, Intravenous, Lung, Male, Middle Aged, Nitric Oxide, Epoprostenol, Random Allocation, Vascular Resistance, Vasodilation
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