Cited by 3,134Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesPsychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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The drug abuse screening test

Skinner, Harvey A.·1982·Addictive Behaviors

DOI 10.1016/0306-4603(82)90005-3

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Abstract

The Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) was designed to provide a brief instrument for clinical screening and treatment evaluation research. The 28 self-report items tap various consequences that are combined in a total DAST score to yield a quantitative index of problems related to drug misuse. Measurement properties of the DAST were evaluated using a clinical sample of 256 drug/alcohol abuse clients. The internal consistency reliability estimate was substantial at .92, and a factor analysis of item intercorrelations suggested an unidimensional scale. With respect to response style biases, the DAST was only moderately correlated with social desirability and denial. Concurrent validity was examined by correlating the DAST with background variables, frequency of drug use during the past 12 months, and indices of psychopathology. Although these findings support the usefulness of the DAST for quantifying the extent of drug involvement within a help-seeking population, further validation work is needed in other populations and settings.

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BackgroundMethod
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Fatty acid amide hydrolase is lower in young cannabis users
Jacobson, M. R., Watts, J. J., Silva, T. M. S., Tyndale, R. F., Rusjan, P., Houle, S., Wilson, A. A., Ross, R. A., Boileau, I., & Mizrahi, R. (2020) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/adb.12872 · Cited by 39
Association of Alcohol Screening Scores With Adverse Mental Health Conditions and Substance Use Among US Adults
Khan, M. R., Young, K. E., Caniglia, E. C., Fiellin, D. A., Maisto, S. A., Marshall, B. D. L., Edelman, E. J., Gaither, J. R., Chichetto, N. E., Tate, J., et al. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.0895 · Cited by 40
Mental Health and Substance Use Diagnoses and Treatment Disparities by Sexual Orientation and Gender in a Community Health Center Sample
Batchelder, A., Stanton, A. M., Kirakosian, N., King, D. S., Grasso, C., Potter, J. E., Mayer, K. H., & O’Cleirigh, C. M. (2021) · LGBT Health · doi:10.1089/lgbt.2020.0293 · Cited by 39
Dimensions of Multiple Drug Use and a Typology of Drug Users
Wilkinson, D. A., Leigh, G., Cordingley, J., Martin, G. W., & Lei, H. (1987) · British Journal of Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01480.x · Cited by 39
Substance use behaviors as a mediator between posttraumatic stress disorder and physical health in trauma-exposed college students
Flood, A. M., McDevitt‐Murphy, M. E., Weathers, F. W., Eakin, D. E., & Benson, T. A. (2009) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-008-9195-y · Cited by 41
“In addition, participants completed the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Inventory (RAPI; White and Labouvie 1989) and the drug abuse screening test (DAST; Skinner 1982).”
Ecological Momentary Assessment of Illicit Drug Use Compared to Biological and Self-Reported Methods
Linas, B. S., Genz, A., Westergaard, R. P., Chang, L. W., Bollinger, R. C., Latkin, C. A., & Kirk, G. D. (2016) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.4470 · Cited by 38
“…and health insurance status), baseline data collection included self-reported alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use; an index of drug abuse (Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST)) [34]; and depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D)) in the prior 6 months [35].”
Method
A Peer-Based Substance Abuse Intervention for HIV+ Rural Women: A Pilot Study
Boyd, M. R., Moneyham, L., Murdaugh, C., Phillips, K. D., Tavakoli, A., Jackwon, K., Jackson, N., & Vyavaharkar, M. (2005) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2004.11.002 · Cited by 38
“Assignment of participants to the SA intervention was based on a score of 5 or more on the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST, Selzer, 1971) and/or a score of 6 or more on the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST Skinner, 1982).”
Influential
Nonmedical use of stimulants is associated with riskier sexual practices and other forms of impulsivity
Grant, J. E., Redden, S. A., Lust, K., & Chamberlain, S. R. (2018) · Journal of Addiction Medicine · doi:10.1097/adm.0000000000000448 · Cited by 39
“A score of 3 is used to screen for a drug use disorder (Skinner, 1982; Yudko et al., 2007).”
Method
Assessing Incarcerated Women’s Physical and Mental Health Status and Needs in a Swiss Prison: A Cross-Sectional Study
Augsburger, A., Neri, C., Bodenmann, P., Gravier, B., Jaquier, V., & Clair, C. (2022) · Health & Justice · doi:10.1186/s40352-022-00171-z · Cited by 51
“The severity of drug use problems for the 12-month period prior to incarceration was assessed using the 10item Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10) (Skinner, [56]).”
Method
Trajectories of Recurring Victimization Among People With Major Mental Disorders
Teasdale, B., Daigle, L. E., & Ballard, E. (2013) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260513506054 · Cited by 38
“The DAST (Skinner, 1982) was designed to assess consequences of drug use and help-seeking behaviors related to drug use.”
MethodInfluential
Parenting Self‐Construals of Mothers With a Serious Mental Illness: Efficacy, Burden, and Personal Growth1
Oyserman, D., Bybee, D. I., Mowbray, C. T., & Kahng, S. K. (2004) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb01989.x · Cited by 38
“Substance use history was assessed using the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST; Skinner, 1982; a = .94), a 19-item checklist (M= 5.01, SD = 4.76) with a standard cutoff score of 5 marking a history of drug or alcohol abuse.”
MethodInfluential
The Impact of Overreporting on MMPI-2-RF Substantive Scale Score Validity
Burchett, D. L., & Ben‐Porath, Y. S. (2010) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191110378972 · Cited by 38
“The DAST is a screening tool for assessing self-reported problematic drug use (Skinner, 1982).”
Method
Sociodemographic and drug use severity differences between medical marijuana users and non-medical users visiting the emergency department
Woodruff, S. I., & Shillington, A. M. (2016) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1111/ajad.12401 · Cited by 38
Can Housing and Service Interventions Reduce Family Separations for Families Who Experience Homelessness?
Shinn, M., Brown, S. R., & Gubits, D. (2016) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/ajcp.12111 · Cited by 40
“We used the Rapid Alcohol Problem Screen or RAPS4 (Cherpitel, 2000) and six items from the Drug Abuse Screening Test or DAST-10 (Skinner, 1982) to assess alcohol dependence and drug abuse in the past 6 months.”
Method
Trauma, Family Factors and the Mental Health of Homeless Adolescents
Milburn, N. G., Stein, J. A., Lopez, S. A., Hilberg, A. M., Veprinsky, A., Arnold, E. M., Desmond, K. A., Branson, K., Lee, A., Bath, E. P. J., et al. (2017) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma · doi:10.1007/s40653-017-0157-9 · Cited by 38
Patterns and correlates of medical cannabis use for pain among patients prescribed long-term opioid therapy
Nugent, S. M., Yarborough, B. J. H., Smith, N. X., Dobscha, S. K., Deyo, R. A., Green, C. A., & Morasco, B. J. (2017) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.11.001 · Cited by 38
Heavy Consumption of Alcohol is Not Associated With Worse Outcomes in Patients With Idiosyncratic Drug-induced Liver Injury Compared to Non-Drinkers
Dakhoul, L., Ghabril, M., Gu, J., Navarro, V., Chalasani, N., & Serrano, J. (2018) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2017.12.036 · Cited by 36
Stigma and help-seeking: The interplay of substance use and gender and sexual minority identity
Benz, M. B., Reed, K. M. P., & Bishop, L. S. (2019) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.05.023 · Cited by 38
Screening for moral injury and comparatively evaluating moral injury measures in relation to mental illness symptomatology and diagnosis
Nieuwsma, J. A., Brancu, M., Wortmann, J. H., Smigelsky, M. A., King, H. A., Workgroup, V. 6. M., & Meador, K. G. (2020) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2503 · Cited by 44
Weaving Healthy Families Program: Promoting Resilience While Reducing Violence and Substance Use
McKinley, C. E., & Theall, K. P. (2021) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/1049731521998441 · Cited by 38
“Parental drug use was measured by the 10-item Drug Abuse Screening Test (Skinner, 1982), a reliable form to assess drug use with adults.”
Method
Comparisons of mental health symptoms, treatment access, and self-harm behaviors in rural adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Brausch, A. M., Whitfield, M. B., & Clapham, R. B. (2022) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-022-02039-x · Cited by 41
Suicidal Behavior Among Low-Income African American Women: A Comparison of First-Time and Repeat Suicide Attempters
Kaslow, N. J., Jacobs, C. H., Young, S. L., & Cook, S. (2006) · Journal of Black Psychology · doi:10.1177/0095798406290459 · Cited by 38
“Lifetime history of drug abuse was assessed using the 20-item Brief Drug Abuse Screening Test (Brief DAST; Skinner, 1983), which is scored similarly to the MAST.”
BackgroundMethod
Prediction of Suicidality and Violence in Hospitalized Adolescents: Comparisons by Sex
Becker, D. F., & Grilo, C. M. (2007) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370705200905 · Cited by 38
Clinical issues in the assessment of adolescent alcohol and other drug use
Winters, K. C., Latimer, W. W., & Stinchfield, R. D. (2002) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(02)00041-4 · Cited by 38
Screening for Parental Substance Abuse in Pediatric Primary Care
Lane, W. G., Dubowitz, H., Feigelman, S., Kim, J., Prescott, L., Meyer, W. A., & Tracy, J. K. (2007) · Ambulatory Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.ambp.2007.07.007 · Cited by 38
Response latency detection of fakers on personnel tests.
Holden, R. R. (1995) · Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement · doi:10.1037/0008-400x.27.3.343 · Cited by 38
Psychosocial interventions for survivors of rape and sexual assault experienced during adulthood
O'Doherty, L., Whelan, M., Carter, G. J., Brown, K., Tarzia, L., Hegarty, K., Feder, G., & Brown, S. J. (2023) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013456.pub2 · Cited by 37
Randomized clinical trial of the effects of screening and brief intervention for illicit drug use: the life shift/shift gears study
Woodruff, S. I., Clapp, J. D., Eisenberg, K., McCabe, C., Hohman, M., Shillington, A. M., Sise, C. B., Castillo, E. M., Chan, T. C., Sise, M. J., et al. (2014) · Addiction Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1186/1940-0640-9-8 · Cited by 37
“Life Shift drug use intervention Based on DAST-10 categories resulting from standard scoring procedures [20] and the MI process, participants in the Life Shift group received one of three tracks tailored to their specific risk category: 1.”
MethodInfluential
Treating depression and substance use: A randomized controlled trial
Hunter, S. B., Watkins, K. E., Hepner, K. A., Paddock, S. M., Ewing, B. A., Osilla, K. C., & Perry, S. (2012) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2011.12.004 · Cited by 37
“Clients were screened for the presence of a probable alcohol or drug disorder using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) to screen for an alcohol disorder using the criteria of a score higher than 4 for men and higher than 3 for women (Dawson, Grant, Stinson, & Zhou, 2005) and the Drug Abuse Screeni…”
Method
A latent modeling approach to genotype–phenotype relationships: maternal problem behavior clusters, prenatal smoking, and MAOA genotype
McGrath, L. M., Mustanski, B. S., Metzger, A., Pine, D. S., Kistner‐Griffin, E., Cook, E. H., & Wakschlag, L. S. (2012) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-012-0286-y · Cited by 38
“The DAST (Skinner 1982) assesses psychoactive drug misuse using 25 yes/no questions that target problem behaviors associated with drug use.”
Influential
A computer-assisted motivational social network intervention to reduce alcohol, drug and HIV risk behaviors among Housing First residents
Kennedy, D. P., Hunter, S. B., Osilla, K. C., Hernandez, E. J. M., Golinelli, D., & Tucker, J. S. (2016) · Addiction Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1186/s13722-016-0052-y · Cited by 41
“…Scale Exam during screening for eligibility [71]), and (3) screen positive for past-year harmful AOD use (either drugs or alcohol) using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) (a score >4 for men and >3 for women) [72] and the Drug Abuse Screen Test (DAST) (a score >2) [73–75].”
Method
Further Validation of Triarchic Psychopathy Scales From the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire: Setting the Stage for Large-Sample Etiological Studies
Brislin, S. J., Venables, N. C., Drislane, L. E., Blonigen, D. M., Iacono, W. G., Tellegen, A., Edens, J. F., & Patrick, C. J. (2015) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191115621790 · Cited by 41
Outcomes of Offenders With Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorders and Mental Disorders
Wilton, G., & Stewart, L. A. (2017) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201500391 · Cited by 37
Pathological Narcissism and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Dawood, S., Schroder, H. S., Donnellan, M. B., & Pincus, A. L. (2017) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2017_31_291 · Cited by 42
Elevated allostatic load in individuals presenting at psychiatric emergency services
Juster, R., Sasseville, M., Giguère, C., & LUPIEN, S. J. (2018) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.10.012 · Cited by 37
No effect of birth order on adult risk taking
Lejarraga, T., Frey, R., Schnitzlein, D. D., & Hertwig, R. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1814153116 · Cited by 37
The interplay of negative and positive emotion dysregulation on mental health outcomes among trauma-exposed community individuals.
Weiss, N. H., Forkus, S. R., Contractor, A. A., & Dixon–Gordon, K. L. (2019) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000503 · Cited by 38
“The Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST; Skinner, 1982).”
Background
Structured review of the use of the Arizona sexual experiences scale in clinical settings
Elnazer, H. Y., & Baldwin, D. S. (2020) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.2730 · Cited by 39
“A cross-sectional study in women with substance-dependence (n = 213) utilized both the ASEX and non-standardized questions about sexual functioning, along with the Drug Abuse Screening Test (Skinner, 1982), the Short Alcohol Dependence Data questionnaire (Davidson & Raistrick, 1986), and the Fagerström Test for Nicoti…”
MethodInfluential
The psychosis human connectome project: An overview
Demro, C., Mueller, B. A., Kent, J. S., Burton, P. C., Olman, C. A., Schallmo, M., Lim, K. O., & Sponheim, S. R. (2021) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118439 · Cited by 32
“In addition, participants completed the Drug Abuse Screening Test DAST-10; Skinner, 1982 ) with study staff, as well as an in-house meaure of lifetime cannabis use that allowed clinical evaluators to suplement the information gathered during the diagnostic interview, and n in-house questionnaire…”
Efficiency and Validity of Commonly Used Substance Abuse Screening Instruments in Public Psychiatric Patients
Dyson, V., Appleby, L., Altman, E. G., Doot, M., Luchins, D. J., & Delehant, M. (1998) · Journal of Addictive Diseases · doi:10.1300/j069v17n02_05 · Cited by 37
Alcohol effects on simulated driving performance and self-perceptions of impairment in DUI offenders.
Dyke, N. A. V., & Fillmore, M. T. (2014) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/a0038126 · Cited by 37
“A score of six or more has been suggested as indicative of a drug use disorder (Skinner, 1982).”
BackgroundInfluential
Party Subculture or Dens of Doom? An Epidemiological Study of Rave Attendance and Drug Use Patterns Among Adolescent Students
Adlaf, E. M., & Smart, R. G. (1997) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.1997.10400187 · Cited by 37
“Also, using fi ve Drug Abuse Screening Test (Skinner 1982) items (desired to use drugs less; unable to stop using; sought help for drug problem; had blackouts or fl ashbacks; and had medical problems as a result of drug use), the percentage reporting two or more drug-related problems was determined…”
MethodInfluential

Authors: Skinner, H. A.
Affiliations: University of Toronto (CA)
Corresponding author: Skinner, Harvey A.
ORCID: Skinner, Harvey A.
Venue: Addictive Behaviors
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1982-01
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Pages: 363-371
ISSN: 0306-4603 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0306-4603(82)90005-3
OpenAlex: W2141225113
Cited by: 3,134
References: 17
Citations by year: 2026: 116 · 2025: 122 · 2024: 130 · 2023: 154 · 2022: 185 · 2021: 168 · 2020: 214 · 2019: 140 · 2018: 159 · 2017: 186 · 2016: 143 · 2015: 126 · 2014: 128 · 2013: 102 · 2012: 118
FWCI: 0.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Addictive Behaviors (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Open Scholarship Institutional Repository (Washington University in St. Louis) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: Drug Abuse Screening Test, self-report screening instruments, internal consistency, response style bias, social desirability, denial, concurrent validity, drug use frequency, psychopathology, treatment evaluation
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Alcoholism, Child, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Psychological Tests, Sex Factors, Substance-Related Disorders

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