Cited by 3,134Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesPsychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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The drug abuse screening test

Skinner, Harvey A.·1982·Addictive Behaviors

DOI 10.1016/0306-4603(82)90005-3

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Abstract

The Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) was designed to provide a brief instrument for clinical screening and treatment evaluation research. The 28 self-report items tap various consequences that are combined in a total DAST score to yield a quantitative index of problems related to drug misuse. Measurement properties of the DAST were evaluated using a clinical sample of 256 drug/alcohol abuse clients. The internal consistency reliability estimate was substantial at .92, and a factor analysis of item intercorrelations suggested an unidimensional scale. With respect to response style biases, the DAST was only moderately correlated with social desirability and denial. Concurrent validity was examined by correlating the DAST with background variables, frequency of drug use during the past 12 months, and indices of psychopathology. Although these findings support the usefulness of the DAST for quantifying the extent of drug involvement within a help-seeking population, further validation work is needed in other populations and settings.

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Background
Psychometric Evaluation of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and Short Drug Abuse Screening Test With Psychiatric Patients in India
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“be the Drug Abuse Screening Test (Skinner, 1982); the Severity of Dependence Scale (Gossop et al.”
Method
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Method
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Background
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Method
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Background
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MethodInfluential
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Method
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Background
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BackgroundInfluential
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Background
Comparison of bulimics, obese binge eaters, social phobics, and individuals with panic disorder on comorbidity across DSM-III—R anxiety disorders
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Influential
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Eye movement desensitization: A partial dismantling study
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Amphetamine Primes Motivation to Gamble and Gambling-Related Semantic Networks in Problem Gamblers
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Method
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“Substance abuse was assessed with questions adapted from the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (Selzer, 1971) and the Drug Abuse Screening Test (Skinner, 1982).”
Method
Effectiveness of screening instruments in detecting substance use disorders among prisoners.
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“Items from the DAST-20 parallel items developed for the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST), which focus on alcohol dependency.”
BackgroundInfluential
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Result
The impact of a brief motivational intervention with opiate users attending a methadone programme
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“Prescription drug abuse was by participant self report of abuse of drugs prescribed to them by a physician in the last year [20].”
Background
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“T hi s ar tic le is in te nd ed so le ly fo r th e pe rs on al us e of th e in di vi du al us er an d is no t to be di ss em in at ed br oa dl y. education (at least fifth grade), use of marijuana at least 3x/week, no history of substance use treatment or long-term psychiatric treatment, no evidence of current drug ab…”
Direct and indirect effects of perceived social support on health-related quality of life in persons living with HIV/AIDS
Bekele, T., Rourke, S. B., Tucker, R., Greene, S., Sobota, M., Koornstra, J., Monette, L., Rueda, S., Bacon, J., Watson, J., et al. (2013) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2012.701716 · Cited by 146
“Alcohol use was assessed with the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (Saunders, Aasland, Babor, Fuente, & Grant, 1993) and information on illicit drug use was collected with the Drug Abuse Screening Test (Skinner, 1982) survey.”
Method
The Kreek–McHugh–Schluger–Kellogg scale: a new, rapid method for quantifying substance abuse and its possible applications
Kellogg, S. H. (2003) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00308-3 · Cited by 149
Exposure to Childhood Abuse and Later Substance Use: Indirect Effects of Emotion Dysregulation and Exposure to Trauma
Mandavia, A. D., Robinson, G., Bradley, B., Ressler, K. J., & Powers, A. D. (2016) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22131 · Cited by 145
“3% of participants in this sample met this cutoff (Skinner, 1982).”
BackgroundInfluential
Growth mindset of anxiety buffers the link between stressful life events and psychological distress and coping strategies
Schroder, H. S., Yalch, M. M., Dawood, S., Callahan, C. P., Donnellan, M. B., & Moser, J. S. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.01.016 · Cited by 170
“Screening Test-10 (DAST-10; Skinner, 1982) is a 10-item (Yes/No) selfreportmeasure used to screen for drug abuse problems.”
Method
Simulated driving performance following prolonged wakefulness and alcohol consumption: separate and combined contributions to impairment
Arnedt, J. T., Wilde, Munt, & Maclean (2000) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2869.2000.00216.x · Cited by 143
“Inclusion criteria for the study were: a valid driver's licence; a regular sleep schedule; moderate to good sleepers (Monroe 1967); neither extreme morning nor evening type (Horne and OÈ stberg 1976); no use of medication with sleep-altering qualities; a score of<4 on the General Health Questionnaire (General Practice…”
Background
Childhood sexual abuse and sexual risk behavior among men and women attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic.
Senn, T. E., Carey, M. P., Vanable, P. A., Coury-Doniger, P. A., & Urban, M. A. (2006) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.74.4.720 · Cited by 142
“The DAST is correlated with frequency of drug use in the past 12 months (Skinner, 1982).”
BackgroundMethod
Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Mood: Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Triantafillou, S., Saeb, S., Lattie, E. G., Mohr, D. C., & Kording, K. P. (2018) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/12613 · Cited by 165
“To minimize the likelihood of interruption in data collection, we excluded individuals who reported they had been diagnosed with any psychotic disorders or had positive screens for alcohol abuse (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score ≥16; [18]), drug abuse (Drug Abuse Screening Test-10 score ≥6; [19]), suici…”
Background
Comparing the BDI-II and the PHQ-9 with outpatient substance abusers
Dum, M., Pickren, J., Sobell, L. C., & Sobell, M. B. (2007) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.09.017 · Cited by 141
A longitudinal investigation of posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms over the course of the year following medical–surgical intensive care unit admission
Davydow, D. S., Zatzick, D., Hough, C. L., & Katon, W. J. (2013) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.005 · Cited by 141
“, marital/partnered status, education); assessment of prior trauma exposure with the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication Trauma History Screen [26]; lifetime history of major depression with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) major depressive episode module [27]; alcohol use in the prior year…”
Method
Low Emotional Intelligence as a Predictor of Substance-use Problems
Riley, H., & Schutte, N. S. (2003) · Journal of Drug Education · doi:10.2190/6dh9-yt0m-ft99-2x05 · Cited by 141
Preinjury Resilience and Mood as Predictors of Early Outcome following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
McCauley, S. R., Wilde, E. A., Miller, E. R., Frisby, M. L., Garza, H. M., Varghese, R., Levin, H. S., Robertson, C. S., & McCarthy, J. J. (2012) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2012.2393 · Cited by 151
Brain networks underlying vulnerability and resilience to drug addiction
Ersche, K. D., Meng, C., Ziauddeen, H., Štochl, J., Williams, G. B., Bullmore, E. T., & Robbins, T. W. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2002509117 · Cited by 143
“Drug and alcohol use was quantified using the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-20) (91) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) (92), both of which have demonstrated sensitivity in nonclinical populations.”
Method
Substance Use Before and During Pregnancy: Links to Intimate Partner Violence
Martin, S. L., Beaumont, J. L., & Kupper, L. L. (2003) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1081/ada-120023461 · Cited by 140
“The DAST has been shown to have high levels of internal consistency, concurrent validity, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy when drug disorder diagnoses based on the DAST were compared to ‘‘gold standard’’ DSM-III drug disorder diagnoses using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (49,50).”
Method
Acute effects of oral cocaine on inhibitory control of behavior in humans
Fillmore, M. T., Rush, C. R., & Hays, L. R. (2002) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00062-5 · Cited by 140
“Volunteers also had to meet all of the following criteria: (1) a score of at least four on the drug abuse screening test (Skinner, 1982); (2) self-report of past week cocaine use; (3) positive test for the presence of cocaine or benzoylecgonine in urine-analysis (ONTRAK Abusscreens, Roche Diagnostic Systems, Nutley, N…”
Background
A randomized controlled trial of an internet-based therapist-assisted indicated preventive intervention for prolonged grief disorder
Litz, B. T., Schorr, Y., Delaney, E., Au, T., Papa, A., Fox, A. B., Morris, S., Nickerson, A., Block, S., & Prigerson, H. G. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.07.005 · Cited by 139
The functional brain networks that underlie Early Stone Age tool manufacture
Putt, S. S., Wijeakumar, S., Franciscus, R. G., & Spencer, J. P. (2017) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-017-0102 · Cited by 136
Buprenorphine management in the perioperative period: educational review and recommendations from a multisociety expert panel
Kohan, L. R., Potru, S., Barreveld, A. M., Sprintz, M., Lane, O. P., Aryal, A., Emerick, T. D., Dopp, A., Chhay, S., & Viscusi, E. R. (2021) · Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine · doi:10.1136/rapm-2021-103007 · Cited by 147
“A positive screen can trigger a more detailed assessment tool such as the Drug Abuse Screening Test, 68”
Method
Prevalence and correlates of sexual activity and HIV-related risk behavior among psychiatric outpatients.
Carey, M. P., Carey, K. B., Maisto, S. A., Gordon, C. M., & Vanable, P. A. (2001) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.69.5.846 · Cited by 137
Development and validation of the Drug-Taking Confidence Questionnaire: A measure of coping self-efficacy
Sklar, S. M., Annis, H. M., & Turner, N. E. (1997) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(97)00006-3 · Cited by 137
Is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Underdiagnosed in Routine Clinical Settings?
Zimmerman, M., & Mattia, J. I. (1999) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199907000-00005 · Cited by 137
Acute effects of cocaine in two models of inhibitory control: implications of non-linear dose effects.
Fillmore, M., Rush, C., & Hays, L. (2006) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01522.x · Cited by 149
“Volunteers also had to meet all the following criteria: (1) a score of at least 4 on the 14item, self-report Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) [ 14 ]; (2) self-report of past week cocaine use; and (3) positive test for the presence of cocaine or benzoylecgonine in urine analysis (ONTRAK Abusscreens, Roche Diagnostic Sy…”
Background
Gender differences in patients with binge eating disorder.
Barry, D. T., Grilo, C., & Masheb, R. (2002) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.1112 · Cited by 139
Substance Use Disorder Among People With First-Episode Psychosis: A Systematic Review of Course and Treatment
Wisdom, J. P., Manuel, J. I., & Drake, R. E. (2011) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.62.9.pss6209_1007 · Cited by 151
Disentangling Structural Brain Alterations Associated With Violent Behavior From Those Associated With Substance Use Disorders
Schiffer, B. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.61 · Cited by 139
Comparing outcomes for diverted and nondiverted jail detainees with mental illnesses.
Steadman, H. J., Cocozza, J. J., & Veysey, B. M. (1999) · Law and Human Behavior · doi:10.1023/a:1022385204967 · Cited by 135
Neuropsychological function in college students with and without posttraumatic stress disorder
Twamley, E. W., Cissell, S. H., & Stein, M. B. (2004) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2004.01.008 · Cited by 143
“, 1995) and the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST; Skinner, 1982) were used to screen for alcohol and drug abuse, respectively.”
Comparing the Housing Trajectories of Different Classes Within a Diverse Homeless Population
Aubry, T., Klodawsky, F., & Coulombe, D. (2011) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10464-011-9444-z · Cited by 133
“A score of 6 or higher on the DAST is considered indicative of a drug use problem ( Skinner 1982 ).”
BackgroundMethod
Intimate Femicide: The Role of Coercive Control
Johnson, H., Eriksson, L., Mazerolle, P., & Wortley, R. (2017) · Feminist Criminology · doi:10.1177/1557085117701574 · Cited by 135
“Drug abuse was measured by the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10; National Institute on Drug Abuse, n.d.; Skinner, 1982), a 10-item brief tool designed for clinical screening and treatment and includes questions related to drug use in the year before the homicide such as polydrug use, inability to…”
Method
Importance of size in defining binge eating episodes in bulimia nervosa
Keel, P. K., Mayer, S. A., & Harnden‐Fischer, J. H. (2001) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.1021 · Cited by 133
“the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock, & Erbaugh, 1961), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; Speilberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, Vagg, & Jacobs, 1983), the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST; Selzer, 1971), and the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST; Skinner, 1982 ).”
Method
Neural systems for executive and emotional processing are modulated by symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in Iraq War veterans
Morey, R. A., Petty, C. M., Cooper, D. A., LaBar, K. S., & McCarthy, G. (2008) · Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2007.07.007 · Cited by 131
“Subjects entering the registry completed a neuropsychiatric self-assessment battery that included the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) (Davidson et al., 1997), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (Beck et al., 1961), Combat Exposure Scale (Keane et al., 1989), Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire (Kubany et al., 2000), Connor–D…”
Method
Smoking Among Psychiatric Outpatients: Relationship to Substance Use, Diagnosis, and Illness Severity.
Vanable, P. A., Carey, M. P., Carey, K. B., & Maisto, S. A. (2003) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/0893-164x.17.4.259 · Cited by 132
Alterations in the neural circuitry for emotion and attention associated with posttraumatic stress symptomatology
Pannu Hayes, J., LaBar, K. S., Petty, C. M., McCarthy, G., & Morey, R. A. (2009) · Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2008.05.005 · Cited by 130
“…1997), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II; Beck et al., 1996), Combat Exposure Scale (CES; Keane, 1989), Trauma Life Events Questionnaire (TLEQ; Kubany et al., 2000), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT; Saunders et al., 1993), and Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST; Skinner, 1982).”
Influential
Distinctive Personality Traits and Neural Correlates Associated with Stimulant Drug Use Versus Familial Risk of Stimulant Dependence
Ersche, K. D., Jones, P. S., Williams, G. B., Smith, D. G., Bullmore, E. T., & Robbins, T. W. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.11.016 · Cited by 132
“Seventy-six percent of the siblings reported recreational use of cannabis, which was also mirrored in notably low scores on the DAST-20 and the AUDIT (Table 1).”
Influential
Resilience characteristics mitigate tendency for harmful alcohol and illicit drug use in adults with a history of childhood abuse: A cross-sectional study of 2024 inner-city men and women
Wingo, A. P., Ressler, K. J., & Bradley, B. (2014) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007 · Cited by 142
Randomized Controlled Trial of Home‐Based Telehealth Versus In‐Person Prolonged Exposure for Combat‐Related PTSD in Veterans: Preliminary Results
Yuen, E. K., Grös, D. F., Price, M., Zeigler, S., Tuerk, P. W., Foa, E. B., & Acierno, R. E. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22168 · Cited by 142
“Participants who consented to the study completed a baseline intake assessment, which included the CAPS (Blake et al., 1995) to determine PTSD diagnosis, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, & Williams, 1996) modules for major depressive disorder and panic disord…”
MethodInfluential
Depression, substance abuse and stigma among men who have sex with men in coastal Kenya
Secor, A., Wahome, E., Micheni, M., Rao, D., Simoni, J. M., Sanders, E. J., & Graham, S. M. (2015) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000000846 · Cited by 127
“in a variety of populations, including those with mental illnesses [40,41].”
Background
Current Status of North American Assessment and Treatment Programs for Sexual Offenders
Marshall, W. L. (1999) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/088626099014003002 · Cited by 129

Authors: Skinner, H. A.
Affiliations: University of Toronto (CA)
Corresponding author: Skinner, Harvey A.
ORCID: Skinner, Harvey A.
Venue: Addictive Behaviors
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1982-01
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Pages: 363-371
ISSN: 0306-4603 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0306-4603(82)90005-3
OpenAlex: W2141225113
Cited by: 3,134
References: 17
Citations by year: 2026: 116 · 2025: 122 · 2024: 130 · 2023: 154 · 2022: 185 · 2021: 168 · 2020: 214 · 2019: 140 · 2018: 159 · 2017: 186 · 2016: 143 · 2015: 126 · 2014: 128 · 2013: 102 · 2012: 118
FWCI: 0.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Addictive Behaviors (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Open Scholarship Institutional Repository (Washington University in St. Louis) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: Drug Abuse Screening Test, self-report screening instruments, internal consistency, response style bias, social desirability, denial, concurrent validity, drug use frequency, psychopathology, treatment evaluation
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Alcoholism, Child, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Psychological Tests, Sex Factors, Substance-Related Disorders

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