The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An expert system intervention for smoking cessation
Open accessAbstract
The Pathways to Change system (PTC) is an expert system intervention for smoking cessation. Assessments are performed either by mail or by a telephone interview and each smoker receives a three- to four-page report that provides individualized recommendations matched to the individual's needs and readiness-to-change. The Transtheoretical Model of Change provides the theoretical basis for the expert system. Four different studies have demonstrated the efficacy of this intervention in a general population, with cessation rates of 22 to 26%. Furthermore, the difference between the groups was larger at each follow-up assessment point, indicating that the effects of the treatment increased long after the end of treatment. The studies involved two proactively recruited samples, demonstrating that a large proportion (85.3% and 82.5%) of the population of smokers could be successfully recruited into a smoking cessation program. Expert system interventions have the potential to have an extremely high impact on a total population of smokers.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change.
Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1983) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.51.3.390 · Cited by 9,098
Self-citationELIZA—a computer program for the study of natural language communication between man and machine
Weizenbaum, J. (1966) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/365153.365168 · Cited by 4,452
Toward a Comprehensive Model of Change
Prochaska, J. O., & Diclemente, C. C. (1986) · Treating Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-2191-0_1 · Cited by 1,877
Self-citationSelf-Efficacy and Addictive Behaviors
DiClemente, C. C., Fairhurst, S. K., & Piotrowski, N. A. (1995) · The Plenum Series in Social/Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6868-5_4 · Cited by 312
Self-citationIntelligent Computer-Based Assessment and Psychotherapy: An Expert System for Sexual Dysfunction
BINIK, Y. M., SERVAN-SCHREIBER, D., FREIWALD, S., & HALL, K. S. K. (1988) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-198807000-00001 · Cited by 53
Cited by
The Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change.
Prochaska, J. O., & Velicer, W. F. (1997) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/0890-1171-12.1.38 · Cited by 7,782
Self-citationDoes tailoring matter? Meta-analytic review of tailored print health behavior change interventions
Noar, S. M., Benac, C. N., & Harris, M. S. (2007) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.4.673 · Cited by 2,136
Readiness and stages of change in addiction treatment
DiClemente, C. C., Schlundt, D., & Gemmell, L. (2004) · The American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1080/10550490490435777 · Cited by 569
Self-citationSmoking and the Five‐Factor Model of personality
Terracciano, A., & Costa, P. T. (2004) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00687.x · Cited by 422
Littell, J. H., & Girvin, H. (2002) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445502026002006 · Cited by 333
Metadata
- Authors
- Velicer, W. F., Prochaska, J. O., Bellis, J. M., DiClemente, C. C., Rossi, J. S., Fava, J. L., & Steiger, J. H.
- Venue
- Addictive Behaviors
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1993-05
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 269-290
- ISSN
- 0306-4603 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2043728918
- Cited by
- 304
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 3.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: An expert system intervention for smoking cessation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/0306-4603(93)90029-9
- The paper
- Velicer, W. F., Prochaska, J. O., Bellis, J. M., DiClemente, C. C., Rossi, J. S., Fava, J. L., & Steiger, J. H. (1993). An expert system intervention for smoking cessation. Addictive Behaviors. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4603(93)90029-9
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
