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Cocaine Uptake Is Decreased in the Brain of Detoxified Cocaine Abusers
Abstract
Binding of [11C]cocaine in brain was measured with positron emission tomography in 12 detoxified cocaine abusers and in 20 controls to evaluate if there were changes in cocaine binding and in dopamine (DA) transporter availability associated with chronic cocaine use. Nine controls and 10 cocaine abusers had an additional scan with [18F]N-methylspiroperidol to measure dopamine D2 receptors. Cocaine abusers had significantly lower uptake of [11C]cocaine in brain (6.2 +/- 1% dose/cc tissues) than controls (7.7 +/- 2%). The distribution volumes (DV) for [11C]cocaine were reduced in basal ganglia (BG), cortex, thalamus, and cerebellum (CB) of cocaine abusers. However there were no differences in the ratio of the DV in BG to that in CB, which is an estimate of DA transporter availability. Values for DA D2 receptor availability were decreased in cocaine abusers and did not correlate with estimates of dopamine transporter availability. In summary, detoxified cocaine abusers showed decreased uptake of cocaine in brain but did not show changes in DA transporter availability.
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“Cocaine acts directly at the dopamine transporter, but imaging studies of the transporter show little effect (Malison et al., 1998; Volkow et al., 1996; Wang et al., 1997a).”
From Imaging addiction: D2 receptors and dopamine signaling in the striatum as biomarkers for impulsivity (2014) · cites this paper as Volkow et al., 1996
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Metadata
- Authors
- Volkow, N.
- Affiliations
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Volkow, N
- ORCID
- Volkow, N
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 1996-03
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 159-168
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2042148521
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE‐ACO2‐76CH00016, 76CH00016)
- National Institutes of Health (5p01ns015638-15)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (5RO1-DA06891, R01DA006891)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS15638)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- cocaine, cocaine abusers, detoxification, cocaine binding, dopamine transporter, dopamine D2 receptor, basal ganglia, volume of distribution, chronic cocaine use, brain uptake
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Basal Ganglia, Binding, Competitive, Brain, Cocaine, Humans, Kinetics, Male, Opioid-Related Disorders, Radioligand Assay, Time Factors, Tomography, Emission-Computed
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