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Cited by 336

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 103 of the 103 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Estrogen Hormone Biology

Open access
Hamilton, Katherine J., Hewitt, Sylvia C., Arao, Yukitomo, Korach, Kenneth S.·2017·Current Topics in Developmental Biology

Abstract

The hormone estrogen is involved in both female and male reproduction, as well as numerous other biological systems including the neuroendocrine, vascular, skeletal, and immune systems. Therefore, it is also implicated in many different diseases and conditions such as infertility, obesity, osteoporosis, endometriosis, and a variety of cancers. Estrogen works through its two distinct nuclear receptors, Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα) and Estrogen Receptor beta (ERβ). Various transcriptional regulation mechanisms have been identified as the mode of action for estrogen, mainly the classical mechanism with direct DNA binding but also a non-genomic mode of action and one using tethered or indirect binding. The expression profiles of ERα and ERβ are unique with the primary sites of ERα expression being the uterus and pituitary gland and the main site of ERβ expression being the granulosa cells of the ovary. Mouse models with knockout or mutation of Esr1 and Esr2 have furthered our understanding of the role each individual receptor plays in physiology. From these studies, it is known that the primary roles for ERα are in the uterus and neuroendocrine system, as female mice lacking ERα are infertile due to impaired ovarian and uterine function, whereas female mice lacking ERβ are subfertile due to ovarian defects. The development of effective therapies for estrogen-related diseases has relied on an understanding of the physiological roles and mechanistic functionalities of ERα and ERβ in various human health and disease.

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Crossref · 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.12.005

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Metadata

Authors
Hamilton, K. J., Hewitt, S. C., Arao, Y., & Korach, K. S.
Venue
Current Topics in Developmental Biology
Publisher
Elsevier
Published
2017
Volume
125
Pages
109-146
ISSN
0070-2153 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2583201344
Cited by
336
References
103
FWCI
65.60
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
green

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