The emotional side of cognitive distraction: Implications for road safety
Abstract
Driver distraction is estimated to be one of the leading causes of motor vehicle accidents. However, little is known about the role of emotional distraction on driving, despite evidence that attention is highly biased toward emotion. In the present study, we used a dual-task paradigm to examine the potential for driver distraction from emotional information presented on roadside billboards. This purpose was achieved using a driving simulator and three different types of emotional information: neutral words, negative emotional words, and positive emotional words. Participants also responded to target words while driving and completed a surprise free recall task of all the words at the end of the study. The findings suggest that driving performance is differentially affected by the valence (negative versus positive) of the emotional content. Drivers had lower mean speeds when there were emotional words compared to neutral words, and this slowing effect lasted longer when there were positive words. This may be due to distraction effects on driving behavior, which are greater for positive arousing stimuli. Moreover, when required to process non-emotional target stimuli, drivers had faster mean speeds in conditions where the targets were interspersed with emotional words compared to neutral words, and again, these effects lasted longer when there were positive words. On the other hand, negative information led to better memory recall. These unique effects may be due to separate processes in the human attention system, particularly related to arousal mechanisms and their interaction with emotion. We conclude that distraction that is emotion-based can modulate attention and decision-making abilities and have adverse impacts on driving behavior for several reasons.
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“This strategy has been shown to be effective by previous studies42,43.”
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- Authors
- Chan, M., & Singhal, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Chan, Michelle
- Venue
- Accident Analysis & Prevention
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-01
- Volume
- 50
- Pages
- 147-154
- ISSN
- 0001-4575 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2123440107
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 8.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Accident Analysis & Prevention (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
- NSERC
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality › Traffic and Road Safety
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- emotional distraction, driver distraction, road safety, emotional words, valence, attentional bias, driving performance, speed, memory retrieval, arousal, dual-task paradigm, roadside billboards, driving simulator
- MeSH terms
- Accidents, Traffic, Adolescent, Adult, Advertising, Analysis of Variance, Attention, Automobile Driving, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Risk Factors
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