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Cited by 59Migraine and Headache StudiesTemporomandibular Joint DisordersTraumatic Brain Injury Research

Migraine diagnosis: Screening items, instruments, and scales

Open access
Peng, Kuan-Po, Wang, Shuu-Jiun·2012·Acta Anaesthesiologica Taiwanica
DOI 10.1016/j.aat.2012.05.002
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Abstract

Migraine is a common and disabling disorder with a 1-year prevalence of 4.5-6% in men and 14.5-18% in women. The diagnosis of migraine is usually made according to the second edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-2) criteria; however, not all physicians are familiar with the diagnostic criteria. Underdiagnosis remains a major issue in general practice, resulting in inadequate treatment. Several instruments are designed to improve the diagnosis of migraine, to identify the comorbid psychological disturbances, to measure the burden and disability, and to access any reduction in quality of life (QoL) that occurs due to migraine attacks with good reliability and validity. Furthermore, the disability and QoL measured by certain instruments serve as surrogate targets when treating migraines. In this review, we examine the instruments that are in common use in daily practice and current research on migraines, focusing on the purpose of each instrument, clinical applications, pitfalls in interpretation, and, if any, minimally clinically important difference(s) (MCID). In general, a structured intake form and a headache diary are recommended in approaching patients with headache. In addition, ID-Migraine, a three-item screening test, has been validated in primary care settings as a way to improve the rapid diagnosis of migraine. The Visual Aura Rating Scale (VARS) is helpful for the diagnosis of migraine with aura. In addition, migraine is commonly associated with psychiatric comorbidities, which can be assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). To evaluate the impact of migraines, disability can be assessed using the Migraine Disability Assessment Questionnaire (MIDAS). Reduction in QoL can be evaluated using the Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Survey (MSQ 2.1), European Quality of Life-Five Dimensions (EQ-5D), or Short-Form 36 (SF-36). Despite all these instruments, proper selection and interpretation of each instrument remain crucial.

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  • Measures selected in this study mirror those commonly used in treatment outcome trials for chronic migraine and are consistent with the international expert consensus guidelines for determining treatment response.

    “Measures selected in this study mirror those commonly used in treatment outcome trials for chronic migraine [9, 13, 15, 16] and are consistent with the international expert consensus guidelines for determining treatment response [35, 36]”

    From Protocol and methods for testing the efficacy of well-being therapy in chronic migraine patients: a randomized controlled trial. (2018) · cites this paper as [35]

    Section 8 (Quantification of disability; page unavailable) describes MIDAS and HIT-6 as measures of migraine disability and says HIT-6 can track treatment response, including in chronic migraine. Section 3 (Headache diary; page unavailable) also says diaries can reveal treatment responses. The paper does not establish that all the citing study’s selected measures are commonly used in chronic-migraine treatment trials. The separate claim about expert consensus guidelines is cited to other sources, not this paper. (LLM, conf=0.78)

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Silberstein SD. Migraine. Lancet 2004;363(9406):381e91.
  2. Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. The International Classification of Headache Disorders: 2nd edition. Cephalalgia 2004;24(1):1e160.

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Authors
Peng, K.-P., & Wang, S.-J.
Affiliations
Taipei Veterans General Hospital (TW)
Corresponding author
Wang, Shuu-Jiun
ORCID
Venue
Acta Anaesthesiologica Taiwanica
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2012-06
Volume
50
Issue
2
Pages
69-73
ISSN
  • 1875-452X (ISSN-L)
  • 1875-4597
DOI
10.1016/j.aat.2012.05.002
OpenAlex
W2089547724
Cited by
59
References
80
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI
0.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Acta anaesthesiologica Taiwanica (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Migraine and Headache Studies
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Complementary and Manual Therapy › Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Keywords
migraine diagnosis, migraine screening, headache diary, migraine with aura, psychiatric comorbidity, migraine disability, quality of life, EQ-5D, SF-36, minimal clinically important difference
MeSH terms
Mental Disorders, Disability Evaluation, Humans, Migraine Disorders, Quality of Life, Comorbidity, General Practitioners

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