Antimicrobial effects of a stannous fluoride toothpaste in distinct oral microenvironments
Open accessAbstract
Background Clinical research has shown a relationship between microbial accumulations and oral diseases such as gingivitis and caries. The mouth harbors large densities of bacteria in distinct oral microenvironments, that is, dental plaque on teeth, saliva, and soft tissues such as the tongue, cheek, and gingiva. In this home-use study, the authors compared the effects of brushing with a newly formulated stannous fluoride toothpaste and a sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrice on bacteria of distinct oral microenvironments.Methods Adult participants completed a washout phase before baseline sampling of dental plaque, saliva, and scrapings from tongue, cheek, and gingiva, which were used for microbiological analysis. Treatments were randomly assigned: test (62 participants) and control (67 participants) for twice-daily toothbrushing over 8 weeks. After 4 weeks and 8 weeks, posttreatment samples 12 hours after brushing were collected for analysis. At these posttreatment visits, participants brushed in the dental clinic, and an additional sample was collected 4 hours later for microbiological analysis.Results Relative to the control, 12 hours after brushing, the test toothpaste showed greater reductions of bacteria (ranging from 14% to 27%) at the 4-week evaluation, which increased to 27% to 41% after 8 weeks of brushing. Correspondingly, 4 hours after brushing with the test toothpaste at the 4-week evaluation, there were greater reductions of bacteria in the range of 22% to 59%, which increased to a range of 33% to 61% at the 8-week assessment for participants completing the study.Conclusions The stannous fluoride toothpaste provided bacterial reductions in all oral microenvironments 12 hours after brushing. In addition, the authors observed microbial reductions 4 hours after brushing, which increased after extended use.Practical implications The results are appropriate for oral hygiene recommendations by dental professionals.
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Stannous fluoride has direct antimicrobial properties and provides fluoride ions to form fluorapatite after acidic demineralization.
“Stannous fluoride has also demonstrated direct antimicrobial properties as well as providing available fluoride ions to form fluorapatite after acidic demineralization of tooth hard tissues.43,44”
From Better living through chemistry? A randomized, double-blind controlled study evaluating the efficacy of plaque control and gingival health impacts of a novel stannous fluoride-containing gel (2023) · cites this paper as [43]
The Discussion states that the stannous ion provides SnF₂’s antimicrobial effect. Our copy does not describe fluoride ions forming fluorapatite after acidic demineralization, so it does not support that part of the claim. (LLM, conf=0.89)
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- Authors
- Haraszthy, V. I., Raylae, C. C., & Sreenivasan, P. K.
- Corresponding author
- Sreenivasan, Prem K.
- Venue
- The Journal of the American Dental Association
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-04
- Volume
- 150
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- S14-S24
- ISSN
- 0002-8177 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2915297545
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 5.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of the American Dental Association (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Colgate-Palmolive Company
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Dental Health and Care Utilization
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Orthodontics › Dental Erosion and Treatment
- Keywords
- antimicrobial activity, oral microenvironment, dental plaque, saliva, tongue, gingiva, oral bacteria, toothbrushing, oral hygiene, gingivitis, dental caries
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anti-Infective Agents, Dentifrices, Humans, Tin Fluorides, Toothbrushing, Toothpastes
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