The Oral Microbiome of Children: Development, Disease, and Implications Beyond Oral Health
Open accessAbstract
In the era of applied meta-omics and personalized medicine, the oral microbiome is a valuable asset. From biomarker discovery to being a powerful source of therapeutic targets and to presenting an opportunity for developing non-invasive approaches to health care, it has become clear that oral microbes may hold the answer for understanding disease, even beyond the oral cavity. Although our understanding of oral microbiome diversity has come a long way in the past 50 years, there are still many areas that need to be fine-tuned for better risk assessment and diagnosis, especially in early developmental stages of human life. Here, we discuss the factors that impact development of the oral microbiome and explore oral markers of disease, with a focus on the early oral cavity. Our ultimate goal is to put different experimental and methodological views into perspective for better assessment of early oral and systemic disease at an early age and discuss how oral microbiomes-at the community level-could provide improved assessment in individuals and populations at risk.
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As children age, their oral microbiomes tend to stabilize, a feature attributed to the establishment of independent oral-hygiene maintenance habits, acquisition of permanent dentition, and consumption of an adult diet with more-or-less defined dietary patterns.
“As children age, their oral microbiomes tend to stabilize, a feature attributed to the establishment of independent oral‐hygiene maintenance habits, acquisition of permanent dentition, and consumption of an adult diet with more‐or‐less defined dietary patterns.135”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [135]
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Metabolic Interactions between Bacteria and Fungi in Commensal Oral Biofilms
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- Authors
- Gomez, A., & Nelson, K. E.
- Affiliations
- J. Craig Venter Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gomez, Andres
- ORCID
- Gomez, Andres
- Venue
- Microbial Ecology
- Published
- 2016-09-14
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 492-503
- ISSN
- 0095-3628 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-184X
- PMC
- PMC5274568
- OpenAlex
- W2518999653
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 145
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 2.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Microbial Ecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01DE019665)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Dental Health and Care Utilization
- Keywords
- oral microbiota, children, early childhood oral health, systemic disease, risk assessment, non-invasive diagnosis
- MeSH terms
- Bacteria, Child, Dental Caries, Ecology, Humans, Mouth, Mouth Diseases, Oral Health, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Risk Assessment, Biodiversity, Metagenome, Microbiota
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