Digital detox: The effect of smartphone abstinence on mood, anxiety, and craving
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Abstract
Whether behavioural addictions should be conceptualised using a similar framework to substance-related addictions remains a topic of considerable debate. Previous literature has developed criteria, which allows any new behavioural addiction to be considered analogous to substance-related addictions. These imply that abstinence from a related object (e.g., smartphones for heavy smartphone users) would lead to mood fluctuations alongside increased levels of anxiety and craving. In a sample of smartphone users, we measured three variables (mood, anxiety, and craving) on four occasions, which included a 24-hour period of smartphone abstinence. Only craving was affected following a short period of abstinence. The results suggest that heavy smartphone usage does not fulfil the criteria required to be considered an addiction. This may have implications for other behavioural addictions.
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Some work has measured the effects of smartphone abstinence (up to 24 hours) on short-term outcomes such as mood, anxiety and craving.
“some work has measured the effects of smartphone abstinence (for up to 24 hours) on short-term outcomes such as mood, anxiety and craving [53].”
From The Conceptual and Methodological Mayhem of “Screen Time” (2020) · cites this paper as [53]
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HOW DO HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MEDAN CITY UNDERSTAND AND IMPLEMENT DIGITAL DETOXIFICATION?
Sitepu, Y. S., Harahap, H., & Rajagukguk, M. (2022) · International Journal of Modern Trends in Social Sciences · doi:10.35631/ijmtss.522003 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Wilcockson, T. D. W., Osborne, A. M., & Ellis, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Loughborough University (GB)
- Duke-NUS Medical School (SG)
- Lancaster University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wilcockson, T.D.W.
- Venue
- Addictive Behaviors
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-12
- Volume
- 99
- Pages
- 106013
- ISSN
- 0306-4603 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2948450950
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 19
- FWCI
- 22.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2020-05-01)
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Addictive Behaviors (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
- Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Loughborough University Research Repository (Loughborough University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Lancaster University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Science Applications › Digital Media and Philosophy
- Keywords
- smartphone addiction, behavioral addiction, craving, anxiety, mood, digital detox
- MeSH terms
- Smartphone, Cell Phone Use, Affect, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Male, Behavior, Addictive, Young Adult, Craving
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