Cellular siRNA delivery using cell-penetrating peptides modified for endosomal escape
Abstract
RNAi-mediated silencing of specific genes is a promising strategy for gene therapy. To utilize RNAi for therapy, an efficient and safe method for delivery of RNA into the cell cytosol is necessary. The plasma membrane is the primary, and most difficult, barrier for RNA to cross, because negatively charged RNA is strongly repulsed by the negatively charged membrane. A variety of cationic polymers can be used as RNA carriers by interacting with RNA and covering its negative charges to form a cell-penetrating complex. Among the emerging candidates for RNA carriers are cationic cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which can cross the plasma membrane and internalize into cells together with RNA. This review focuses on CPP-based RNA delivery strategies. In using CPP-based RNA delivery, most of the RNA internalized by the cell is entrapped in endosomes. Strategies for endosomal escape of RNAs are also reviewed.
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Nucleic acid carriers can buffer endosomal pH or form lipid interactions with endosomal membranes to complete endosomal escape and cytoplasmic distribution.
“To complete endosomal escape and cytoplasmic distribution, nucleic acid carriers, for instance, can buffer endosomal pH or form lipid interactions with endosomal membranes.312”
From Smart nanoparticles for cancer therapy (2023) · cites this paper as [312]
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- Authors
- Endoh, T., & Ohtsuki, T.
- Affiliations
- Okayama University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Ohtsuki, Takashi
- Venue
- Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-07
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 704-709
- ISSN
- 0169-409X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2061183130
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 1.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Keywords
- siRNA delivery, cell-penetrating peptides, endosomal escape, RNA interference, gene silencing, cationic polymers, endosomes, gene therapy
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Drug Carriers, Fluorescent Dyes, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Peptides, Endosomes, Genetic Therapy, RNA-Binding Proteins, Photosensitizing Agents, Gene Silencing, RNA Interference, RNA, Small Interfering
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