Brief report: Problematic social media use and sleep disturbances are longitudinally associated with depressive symptoms in adolescents
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Problematic social media use and sleep disturbances are independently related with mental health. However, evidence of combined effects of changes in problematic social media use and sleep disturbances on changes in depressive symptoms in adolescents is limited. The aim of this study was to examine complex longitudinal associations between problematic social media use, sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms during middle adolescence. METHODS: A 2-year longitudinal study was conducted consisting of three waves, each separated by 1 year. The participants were 249 Estonian adolescents (46,6% female) aged 15.3 ± 0.3 years (M ± SD) who completed self-report measures of problematic social media use, sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: The findings revealed that initial level in both problematic social media use and sleep disturbances both significantly predicted change in depressive symptoms. Moreover, the increases in problematic social media use and sleep disturbances were both associated with an increase in depressive symptoms, irrespective of gender. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings add strength to the evidence supporting longitudinal associations between problematic social media use and depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms in middle adolescence.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Findings from longitudinal studies suggest that PSMU could be a risk factor for depression.
“Findings from longitudinal studies also suggest that PSMU could be a risk factor for depression as these studies found an association between initial PSMU and later depressive symptoms (Li et al., 2018; Mu et al., 2020; Raudsepp, 2019).”
From Social media use, mental health and sleep: A systematic review with meta-analyses (2024) · cites this paper as Raudsepp, 2019
Raudsepp showed that problematic social media use predicted depressive symptoms over a span of 2 years.
“Raudsepp (39) pointed to this bidirectionality by showing that problematic social media use (i.e., using social media in an unhealthy or maladaptive manner) predicted depressive symptoms over a span of 2 years.”
From Does Social Media Use Increase Depressive Symptoms? A Reverse Causation Perspective (2021) · cites this paper as [39]
Cites
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267 · see citing works
Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research
Bastien, C. (2001) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/s1389-9457(00)00065-4 · Cited by 8,067 · see citing works
Development of a Facebook Addiction Scale
Andreassen, C. S., Torsheim, T., Brunborg, G. S., & Pallesen, S. (2012) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/02.09.18.pr0.110.2.501-517 · Cited by 1,884 · see citing works
Online Social Network Site Addiction: A Comprehensive Review
Andreassen, C. S. (2015) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-015-0056-9 · Cited by 1,212 · see citing works
Sleep in Adolescents: The Perfect Storm
Carskadon, M. A. (2011) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2011.03.003 · Cited by 1,122 · see citing works
Lovato, N., & Gradisar, M. (2014) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2014.03.006 · Cited by 594 · see citing works
Shensa, A., Escobar-Viera, C. G., Sidani, J. E., Bowman, N. D., Marshal, M. P., & Primack, B. A. (2017) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.03.061 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Gámez‐Guadix, M. (2014) · Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking · doi:10.1089/cyber.2014.0226 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
The development of compulsive internet use and mental health: A four-year study of adolescence
Ciarrochi, J., Parker, P., Sahdra, B., Marshall, S., Jackson, C., Gloster, A. T., & Heaven, P. (2016) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0000070 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
The Digital Self: How Social Media Serves as a Setting that Shapes Youth’s Emotional Experiences
Wood, M. A., Bukowski, W. M., & Lis, E. (2015) · Adolescent Research Review · doi:10.1007/s40894-015-0014-8 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Li, J., Mo, P. K. H., Lau, J. T. F., Su, X., Zhang, X., Wu, A. M. S., Mai, J., & Yu-xia, C. (2018) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.7.2018.69 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Vernon, L., Modecki, K. L., & Barber, B. L. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2016.1188702 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Relationships between sleep duration and adolescent depression: a conceptual replication
Berger, A. T., Wahlstrom, K. L., & Widome, R. (2019) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2018.12.003 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Thumann, B. F., Börnhorst, C., Michels, N., Veidebaum, T., Solea, A., Reisch, L. A., Moreno, L. A., Lauria, F., Kaprio, J. A., Hunsberger, M. L., et al. (2019) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.12783 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Lovato, N., Short, M. A., Micic, G., Hiller, R. M., & Gradisar, M. (2017) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s111521 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Raudsepp, L., & Vink, K. (2019) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.02.003 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 17 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Biological, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Depression: A Review of Recent Literature
Remes, O., Mendes, J. F., & Templeton, P. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11121633 · Cited by 482 · see citing works
A meta-analysis of the problematic social media use and mental health
Huang, C. (2022) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0020764020978434 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Problematic Social Media Use and Its Relationship with Depression or Anxiety: A Systematic Review
Lopes, L. S., Valentini, J. P., Monteiro, T. H., Costacurta, M. C. D. F., Soares, L. O. N., Telfar-Barnard, L., & Nunes, P. V. (2022) · Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking · doi:10.1089/cyber.2021.0300 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Social Media Use and Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Nesi, J., Burke, T. A., Bettis, A. H., Kudinova, A. Y., Thompson, E. C., MacPherson, H. A., Fox, K. A., Lawrence, H. R., Thomas, S. A., Wolff, J. C., et al. (2021) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102038 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Marengo, D., Angelo Fabris, M., Longobardi, C., & Settanni, M. (2022) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107204 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Cui, G., Yin, Y., Li, S., Chen, L., Liu, X., Tang, K., & Li, Y. (2021) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03451-4 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Social media use, mental health and sleep: A systematic review with meta-analyses
Ahmed, O., Walsh, E. I., Dawel, A., Alateeq, K., Espinoza Oyarce, D. A., & Cherbuin, N. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.193 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Does Social Media Use Increase Depressive Symptoms? A Reverse Causation Perspective
Hartanto, A., Quek, F. Y. X., Tng, G. Y. Q., & Yong, J. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.641934 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
“Raudsepp (39) pointed to this bidirectionality by showing that problematic social media use (i.”
BackgroundA meta-analysis of the relationship between subjective sleep and depressive symptoms in adolescence
O’Callaghan, V. S., Couvy‐Duchesne, B., Strike, L. T., McMahon, K. L., Byrne, E. M., & Wright, M. J. (2021) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2021.01.011 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Malaeb, D. N., Salameh, P., Barbar, S., Awad, E., Haddad, C., Hallit, R. R., Sacre, H., Akel, M., Obeïd, S., & Hallit, S. R. (2020) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12576 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Boer, M., van den Eijnden, R. J. J. M., Finkenauer, C., Boniel‐Nissim, M., Marino, C., Inchley, J., Cosma, A. P., Paakkari, L. T., & Stevens, G. W. J. M. (2021) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.15709 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Arrivillaga, C., Rey, L., & Extremera, N. (2022) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107095 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Wu, P., Feng, R., & Zhang, J. (2024) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01498-4 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Hussain, Z., & Starcevic, V. (2020) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.05.007 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Wang, W., Du, X., Guo, Y., Li, W., Teopiz, K. M., Shi, J., Guo, L., Lu, C., & McIntyre, R. S. (2021) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2021.03.009 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Guo, Y., Gu, J., Gaskin, J., Yin, X.-Q., Zhang, Y., & Wang, J.-L. (2023) · International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106134 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
The course of problematic social media use in young adolescents: A latent class growth analysis
Boer, M., Stevens, G. W. J. M., Finkenauer, C., & van den Eijnden, R. J. J. M. (2021) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.13712 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Kaur, P., Dhir, A., Alkhalifa, A. K., & Tandon, A. (2021) · Internet Research · doi:10.1108/intr-04-2020-0187 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Saleem, N., Young, P., & Yousuf, S. (2024) · Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking · doi:10.1089/cyber.2023.0456 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Xiao, W., Peng, J., & Liao, S. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192013496 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Li, Y.-Y., Koning, I. M., Finkenauer, C., Boer, M., & van den Eijnden, R. J. J. M. (2024) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2024.108160 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Longitudinal and daily associations between adolescent self-control and digital technology use.
Burnell, K., Andrade, F. C., & Hoyle, R. H. (2022) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0001444 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Qu, X., Houser, S. H., Zhang, J., Wen, J. S., & Zhang, W. (2022) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-022-03054-y · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Wang, M., He, N., Xu, Q., Yue, Y., Li, M., & Lin, J. (2022) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107309 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Problematic social media use and psychological symptoms in adolescents
Mojtabai, R. (2024) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-024-02657-7 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Domoff, S. E., Banga, C. A., Borgen, A. L., Foley, R. P., Robinson, C. A., Avery, K., & Gentile, D. A. (2021) · Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1002/hbe2.247 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Santini, Z. I., Thygesen, L. C., Andersen, S., Tolstrup, J. S., Koyanagi, A., Nielsen, L., Meilstrup, C., Koushede, V., & Ekholm, O. (2024) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-024-01283-3 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Social media use, sleep, and psychopathology in psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents.
Nesi, J., Burke, T. A., Extein, J., Kudinova, A. Y., Fox, K. A., Hunt, J., & Wolff, J. C. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.10.014 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Li, J., Zhou, Y., Lv, X., Leng, X., Jiang, X., & Gao, X. (2023) · Information Communication & Society · doi:10.1080/1369118x.2023.2245870 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Altered markers of stress in depressed adolescents after acute social media use
Shafi, R. M. A., Nakonezny, P. A., Miller, K. A., Desai, J., Almorsy, A. G., Ligezka, A. N., Morath, B. A., Romanowicz, M., & Croarkin, P. E. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.01.055 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Evidence Base Update on Assessing Sleep in Youth
Meter, A. V., & Anderson, E. A. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2020.1802735 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
AlHamad, N. S., & Alamri, K. (2021) · Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care · doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_697_21 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Ahmed, O., Dawel, A., Walsh, E., & Cherbuin, N. (2025) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2025.108446 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Machine learning models for predicting the risk of depressive symptoms in Chinese college students
Yu, C., Kong, X., Yu, W., Ni, X., Chen, J., & Liao, X. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1648585 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Bidirectional Associations of Adolescents’ Momentary Social Media Use and Negative Emotions
Colasante, T., Faulkner, K., Kharbotli, D., Malti, T., & Hollenstein, T. (2024) · Affective Science · doi:10.1007/s42761-024-00244-2 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The Relationship Between Trait Emotional Intelligence and Problematic Social Media Use
Calaresi, D., Cuzzocrea, F., Saladino, V., & Verrastro, V. (2024) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x241273407 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Murciano-Hueso, A., Pérez, B. M. G., Lucas, J. M., & García, A. H. (2022) · RELIEVE - Revista Electrónica de Investigación y Evaluación Educativa · doi:10.30827/relieve.v28i2.26158 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Device-measured sleep onset and duration in the development of depressive symptoms in adolescence
Thorburn-Winsor, E. A., Neufeld, S., Rowthorn, H., van Sluijs, E. M. F., Brage, S., Jones, P. B., Goodyer, I. M., & Winpenny, E. M. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.051 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Wei, P.-C., & Yu, H.-Q. (2024) · Archives of Medical Science · doi:10.5114/aoms/174649 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Xiong, S., Yi, X., Chen, Y., & Zhang, B. (2025) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.2025.00032 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Horváth, Z., Kun, B., Király, O., Paksi, B., Griffiths, M. D., & Demetrovics, Z. (2024) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.2024.00055 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Zhao, L. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-06652-8 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Maerevoet, M., de Casteele, M. V., de Putte, E. V., Debeer, D., Hoorelbeke, K., Vansteenkiste, M., & Koster, E. H. W. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1548504 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Trajectories of Perceived Technological Impairment and Psychological Distress in Adolescents
Burnell, K., & Odgers, C. L. (2022) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-022-01679-1 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Liu, T., Zou, H., Tao, Z., Qiu, B., He, X., Chen, Y., Wang, S., & Zhang, W. (2023) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.23002 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Adolescent Social Media Use and Depression: A Person-Centered Approach
Lin, S., & Longobardi, C. (2025) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-025-01819-1 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jones, R., Reppa, I., & Reed, P. (2022) · Trends in Psychology · doi:10.1007/s43076-022-00177-4 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Hu, J., Isak, G., Yalikun, S., Lu, X., & Ren, Z. (2024) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2024.112717 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The Effect of Social Media Regulatory Content Law in Indonesia
Hidayat, T. P., & Mahardiko, R. (2020) · Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy · doi:10.18080/jtde.v8n2.247 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jin, R., & Le, T.-T. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0326685 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The longitudinal effects of social media on sleep among youth: A scoping review
Sullivan, E. C., Dubicka, B., Kirsop, H., & Henderson, L. M. (2025) · Computers in Human Behavior Reports · doi:10.1016/j.chbr.2025.100908 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Li, X., & Li, H. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0313362 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Domoff, S. E., Armstrong, S. B., Rollings, H., Mancuso, A., & Janney, C. A. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1484456 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Xu, D., & He, R. (2025) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci15080843 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Hussain, Z., Ferreira, R., & Kuss, D. J. (2023) · Psychiatry Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.psycom.2023.100132 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Terzioğlu, C., & Ayhan, F. (2023) · Uluslararası Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi · doi:10.47525/ulasbid.1318143 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ding, J., Liu, Z., & Chao, M. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.07.009 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Dou, K., Li, Y.-Y., Wang, M.-L., Yuan, X., & Liang, W. (2025) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.2025.00074 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Relationship Between Social Media Addiction, Depression, Stress, and Anxiety: A Meta-Analysis
Dadiotis, A., Malliari, K., Critselis, E., Bacopoulou, F., Vlachakis, D., Chrousos, G. P., & Darviri, C. (2025) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-03398-7_28 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Social Media use is Associated with, but is not a Major Cause of Mental Disorder among Adolescents
Elhai, J. D., Demetrovics, Z., Casale, S., & Montag, C. (2026) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-026-00769-5 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ahmed, O., Walsh, E., Dawel, A., & Cherbuin, N. (2025) · Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1155/hbe2/6575876 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Effects of problematic social media use on depressive symptoms
Blanquer-Cortés, M., Estévez, E., Estévez, J. F., & Irles, D. L. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-29258-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Yuan, C., Zhou, H., Wang, A., Jiang, H., & Xiao, N. (2026) · International Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1002/ijop.70210 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Cruz, G. V., & Rosa, C. D. (2026) · Psychiatry International · doi:10.3390/psychiatryint7040185 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Halima Mohamed, A. (2021) · International Journal of Educational & Psychological Studies · doi:10.31559/eps2021.9.3.16 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Association of Social Media use with Sleep among Physiotherapy Students of Islamabad
Hanif, S., Kousar, Z., Khanzada, S. K., Aroo, H. S., Gul, D., & Naseer, R. (2024) · Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences · doi:10.53350/pjmhs02023171131 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Sleep Hygiene Education as a Treatment for Depression in Adolescents
Thibault, D., Derouin, A. L., Cain, L. A., Thibault, N. E., & Roberts, J. (2024) · The Journal for Nurse Practitioners · doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2024.105114 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
#ConnectedTeens: Social media use and adolescent wellbeing
Boer, M. (2022) · doi:10.33540/1272 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Liu, T., Zou, H., Tao, Z., Qiu, B., He, X., Chen, Y., Wang, S., & Zhang, W. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1843268/v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Poulain, T., Meigen, C., Grafe, N., & Kieß, W. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-47936/v1
van Ham-Borawitz, V. E. J., Ginkel, M. W. H., Vrijkotte, T. G. M., & de Rooij, S. R. (2023) · TSG - Tijdschrift voor gezondheidswetenschappen · doi:10.1007/s12508-023-00376-z
Pawłowska, B., Świerczyńska, J. C., Dyzma-Kasprzak, A., & Kasprzak, K. (2024) · Medical Studies · doi:10.5114/ms.2024.137601
Social media dependency, depression and self-esteem for Cymraeg and English-speaking adolescents
Jones, R., Reppa, I., & Reed, P. (2025) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2025.2455395
Li, Y., Li, X., Lee, C., Chen, S.-H., Wang, L., Mao, L., & Chiang, Y.-C. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-22292-4
Lü, N., & Huang, K.-C. (2025) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v15.i5.102977
Response Surface Analysis of Problematic Social Media Use and Suicidal Behavior in Early AdolescencePreprint
Muela, A., García‐Ormaza, J., Tabares, J. V., Ammendola, E., Sansinenea, E., Machimbarrena, J. M., & Loinaz, I. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5320424
11. Young People’s Online Engagement During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Klanjšek, R., Jagodić, G. K., & Potočnik, D. (2025) · doi:10.18690/um.ff.7.2025.11
An explainable analysis of depression status and influencing factors among nursing students
Li, Y., Sun, B., Wu, X., & Li, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1696139
Cui, G., Yin, Y., Li, S., Chen, L., Liu, X., Tang, K., & Li, Y. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16607043
Qu, X., HOUSER, S., Zhang, J., Wen, J. S., & Zhang, W. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19634768
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN SHAPING MENTAL HEALTH: A REVIEW OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS
Kamrowska, M., Swiech, J., Apanasewicz, K., Kopacki, F., Szczeblewska, W., Jaskot, D., Marzec, J., Kita, N., Sztenc, N., & Broniszewska, P. (2026) · International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science · doi:10.31435/ijitss.2(50).2026.5484
Crane, K., Hj, M., Weissinger, G., Domoff, S. E., Bernhardt, P. W., Harris, S., Hughes, S., & Yost, J. (2026) · Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association · doi:10.1177/10783903261460003
- Authors
- Raudsepp, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Tartu (EE)
- Corresponding author
- Raudsepp, Lennart
- ORCID
- Raudsepp, Lennart
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescence
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-09-26
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 197-201
- ISSN
- 0140-1971 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9254
- OpenAlex
- W2976836242
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 7
- FWCI
- 17.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- social media addiction, sleep disorders, depressive symptoms, adolescents, middle adolescence, longitudinal associations, gender differences, adolescent mental health
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Depression, Estonia, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Sleep Wake Disorders, Self Report, Social Media
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
