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Biochar addition to agricultural soil increased CH4 uptake and water holding capacity – Results from a short-term pilot field study
Abstract
Biochar addition to agricultural soil has been suggested to mitigate climate change through increased biogenic carbon storage and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. We measured the fluxes of N₂O, CO₂, and CH₄ after adding 9tha⁻¹ biochar on an agricultural soil in Southern Finland in May 2009. We conducted these measurements twice a week for 1.5 months, between sowing and canopy closure, to capture the period of highest N₂O emissions, where the potential for mitigation would also be highest. Biochar addition increased CH₄ uptake (96% increase in the average cumulative CH₄ uptake), but no statistically significant differences were observed in the CO₂ and N₂O emissions between the biochar amended and control plots. Added biochar increased soil water holding capacity by 11%. Further studies are needed to clarify whether this may help balance fluctuations in water availability to plants in the future climate with more frequent drought periods.
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“In a field study with Birch (Betula spp.) biochar incorporated into a silt loam soil in Finland, biochar addition increased water-holding capacity by 11% compared to the unamended control (Karhu et al., 2011).”
From Biochar implications for sustainable agriculture and environment: A review (2019) · cites this paper as Karhu et al., 2011
In the citing paper
“However, the effects of biochar addition on CH 4 and N 2 O were inconsistent and have shown variability with crop and soil types, site condition, and the origin of the biochar (Karhu et al., 2011;Kimetu and Lehmann, 2010;Lehmann et al., 2011b;Spokas et al., 2009;Zimmerman et al., 2011).”
From Biochar implications for sustainable agriculture and environment: A review (2019) · cites this paper as Karhu et al., 2011
In the citing paper
“In addition to the beneficial effects of drawing CO 2 from the atmosphere, biochar application was reported to decrease emissions of CH 4 and N 2 O from soils (Cavigelli and Robertson, 2001;Karhu et al., 2011;Liu et al., 2011;Rogovska et al., 2011;Rondon et al., 2006Rondon et al., , 2005;;Zhang et al., 2012a).”
From Biochar implications for sustainable agriculture and environment: A review (2019) · cites this paper as Karhu et al., 2011
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“However, amending particles or dissolved forms of C (Spokas et al. 2014), favoring the leaching of labile C and nutrients (Alessandrino 2024; Karhu et al. 2011; Liu et al. 2016 ; Núñez and Schi - panski 2023).”
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“…nutrients status, cation exchange capacity in the soil, soil structure, nutrient use efficiency, waterholding, nutrient-holding capacity, and saturated hydraulic conductivity, while decreasing soil acidity (Lehmann et al., 2006; Asai et al., 2009; Karhu et al., 2011; Akingbola et al., 2021, 2022).”
BackgroundSusrusa, K. B., Widhianthini, W., Wijayanti, P. U., & Yuliadhi, K. A. (2023) · International journal of business economics & management · doi:10.21744/ijbem.v6n3.2194 · Cited by 1
“All of these activities aim to increase community access to irrigation infrastructure and facilities which in turn will support increased agricultural productivity and subregional food security (Karhu et al., 2011; Rockström et al., 2010).”
BackgroundYılmaz, G., Karadağ, H., Saraçoğlu, O., & Öcalan, O. N. (2023) · Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus · doi:10.24326/asphc.2023.4994 · Cited by 1
“The substances that come out due to the pyrolysis of organic wastes at 250°C or higher temperatures, in the absence of oxygen, are called biochar [Karhu et al. 2011].”
BackgroundALfahdawi, H. E., Khaleefa, H. G., & Almehemdi, A. F. (2023) · IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science · doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1252/1/012080 · Cited by 1
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BackgroundÇamlıca, M., & Yaldız, G. (2025) · Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi · doi:10.29130/dubited.1616349 · Cited by 1
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Elnamas, A. E. (2020) · Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering /Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering · doi:10.21608/jssae.2020.108902 · Cited by 1
“The use of biochar improves the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil (Busscher et al. 2010; Sun and Lu 2014; Karhu et al. 2011; He et al. 2016)and therefor have direct effects on soil productivity for crop production (Benjamin et al. (2003)).”
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“, 2012) and this may indirectly decrease the vertical leaching of NO3 by water (Karhu et al., 2011).”
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BackgroundImmobilization of Tetrabromobisphenol A On Pinecone-Derived Biochar
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BackgroundChemical Response of Soils to Traditional and Industrial Byproduct Wood Biochars
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ResultEnhancement the Productivity of Processing Category Potato by Biochar
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InfluentialMofatah, N., Abdel-Nasser, G., & Abido, A. (2016) · Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches/Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches · doi:10.21608/jalexu.2016.302877
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Biochar for Sustainable Crop Production
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Metadata
- Authors
- Karhu, K., Mattila, T., Bergström, I., & Regina, K.
- Affiliations
- Finnish Environment Institute (FI)
- Agrifood Research Finland (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Karhu, Kristiina
- Venue
- Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-01
- Volume
- 140
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 309-313
- ISSN
- 0167-8809 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2059577926
- Cited by
- 941
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 88 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 98 · 2018: 61 · 2017: 69 · 2016: 73 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 57 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 38
- FWCI
- 67.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment (publishedVersion)
- Jukuri (Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Keywords
- biochar, agricultural soils, methane uptake, soil methane flux, nitrous oxide emissions, CO2 emissions, soil water holding capacity, greenhouse gas emissions reduction, biogenic carbon storage, soil amendment, drought
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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