Birth prevalence of congenital heart defects in Norway 1994-2009—A nationwide study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The reasons for decreasing birth prevalence of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in several European countries and Canada are not fully understood. We present CHD prevalence among live births, stillbirths, and terminated pregnancies in an entire nation over a period of 16 years. METHODS: Information on all births in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, 1994-2009, was updated with information on CHD from the hospitals' Patient Administrative Systems, the National Hospital's clinical database for children with heart disease, and the Cause of Death Registry. Individuals with heart defects were assigned specific cardiac phenotypes. RESULTS: Among 954,413 births, 13,081 received a diagnosis of CHD (137.1 per 10,000 births, 133.2 per 10,000 live births). The prevalence per 10,000 births was as follows: heterotaxia, 1.6; conotruncal defects, 11.6; atrioventricular septal defects, 5.6; anomalous pulmonary venous return, 1.1; left outflow obstructions, 8.7; right outflow obstructions, 5.6; septal defects, 65.5; isolated patent ductus arteriosus, 24.6; and other specified or unspecified CHD, 12.7. Excluding preterm patent ductus arteriosus, the CHD prevalence was 123.4 per 10,000; per year, the prevalence increased with 3.5% (95% CI 2.5-4.4) in 1994-2005 and declined with 9.8% (-16.7 to -2.4) from 2005 onwards. Severe CHD prevalence was 30.7 per 10,000; per-year increase was 2.3% (1.1-3.5) in 1994-2004, and per-year decrease was 3.4% (-6.6 to -0.0) in 2004-2009. Numbers included severe CHD in stillbirths and terminated pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS: The birth prevalence of CHD declined from around 2005. Specifically, the prevalence of severe CHD was reduced by 3.4% per year from 2004 through 2009.
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The observed Tetralogy of Fallot prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa is considerably higher than global estimates and reports from developed countries.
“The prevalence of Tetralogy of Fallot observed was found considerably higher compared to global estimate and reports of developed countries.”
In subgroup analysis by geographic region, a surprisingly high Tetralogy of Fallot prevalence was reported across all regions of Sub-Saharan Africa, exceeding global estimates and reports from developed countries.
“In a subgroup analysis based on the geographic region, a surprisingly high prevalence was reported across all regions of Sub-Saharan Africa.”
A 15-year Norwegian study reported a Tetralogy of Fallot prevalence of 2.1% among congenital heart defect cases.
“Meanwhile, a 15-year Norwegian study reported a TOF prevalence of 2.1% among CHD cases [17].”
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Genetics and etiology of congenital heart disease
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Learning cardiac embryology on YouTube —What videos are there to view?
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Recommendations “Cardio-Prenatal 2017” From Poland
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- Authors
- Leirgul, E., Fomina, T., Brodwall, K., Greve, G., Holmstrøm, H., Vollset, S. E., Tell, G. S., & Øyen, N.
- Affiliations
- Haukeland University Hospital (NO)
- University of Bergen (NO)
- Oslo University Hospital (NO)
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Leirgul, Elisabeth
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Heart Journal
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-12
- Volume
- 168
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 956-964
- ISSN
- 0002-8703 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2160481214
- Cited by
- 164
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 7.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Heart Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Congenital Heart Disease Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Congenital heart defects research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiovascular Conditions and Treatments
- Keywords
- congenital heart disease, birth prevalence, secular trends, stillbirth, patent ductus arteriosus, conotruncal defects, atrioventricular septal defect, heterotaxia, anomalous pulmonary venous return, septal defects, Norway, Medical Birth Registry of Norway, cardiac phenotype, severe congenital heart disease
- MeSH terms
- Birth Certificates, Female, Heart Defects, Congenital, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Norway, Pregnancy, Registries, Prevalence
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