The DOI matches its Crossref record; 106 of the 106 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cesarean section and development of the immune system in the offspring
Abstract
This review examines the relation between the mode of delivery and development of the immune system in the offspring. Recent epidemiological studies provide evidence that elective cesarean section (CS) is associated with aberrant short-term immune responses in the newborn infant, and a greater risk of developing immune diseases such as asthma, allergies, type 1 diabetes, and celiac disease. However, it is still unknown whether CS causes a long-term effect on the immune system of the offspring that contributes to compromised immune health. With the dramatic increase in the rate of CS today, a greater emphasis should be placed on the discussion among both professionals and childbearing women on potential consequences of CS on the health of the offspring.
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“established links between cesarean birth and adverse child health outcomes, including asthma, type I diabetes, allergies9–11 and obesity12”
From The relation between cesarean birth and child cognitive development (2017) · cites this paper as [10]
Citations
Cites
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Items 301–302 of 302
Onyije, F. M., Dolatkhah, R., Olsson, A., Bouaoun, L., & Schüz, J. (2026) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.1797553
“This absence of early stress may create a permissive environment for malignancies to develop later in life (89, 159) Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported associations between C-sections and childhood leukemia (145, 160), Wilms tumor (52, 161), and neuroblastoma (162).”
Budner, M., Torres, K., Opoka‐Winiarska, V., Lasota, A., Gdak, M., Mertowska, P., Mertowski, S., Gosik, K., Kang, M. S., Urbanowicz, T. K., et al. (2026) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27219488
Metadata
- Authors
- Cho, C. E., & Norman, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Cho, Clara E.
- Venue
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-04
- Volume
- 208
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 249-254
- ISSN
- 0002-9378 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2069680673
- Cited by
- 301
- References
- 105
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 10
- FWCI
- 3.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Keywords
- cesarean section, mode of delivery, immune system development, asthma, allergy, type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, immune disorders, offspring health
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Animals, Cesarean Section, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Immune System, Immune System Diseases, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Rats
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