CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 24Schizophrenia research and treatmentMental Health and PsychiatryMental Health Treatment and Access

Predictors of disability: A 5-year cohort study of first-episode schizophrenia

Johnson, Shanthi, Sathyaseelan, Manoranjitham, Charles, Helen, Jacob, K.S.·2014·Asian Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1016/j.ajp.2014.01.003
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background There is a dearth of information about the predictors of disability in schizophrenia from low and middle-income countries. This study attempted to investigate the impact of socio-demographic and clinical variables on disability in a cohort of first episode schizophrenia.Method Patients diagnosed to have DSM IV schizophrenia (n=131) were assessed prospectively for psychopathology, functioning, insight and explanatory models of illness at baseline, 6, 12 and 60 months using standard instruments. Disability was assessed at 5 years. Multiple linear regression was employed to adjust for common confounders.Results We could follow-up 95 (72.5%) patients. Sixty-five of these patients (68.4%) achieved remission. Disability scores at 5 years were associated negatively with episodic nature of illness at baseline, functional assessments at 6 and 12 months and return to pre-morbid level function. Disability correlated positively with psychopathology at 6 and 12 months and time spent in psychotic episodes. It was also associated with psychopathology, remission, insight and patient perspectives at the 5th year cross-sectional evaluation. While employment status at recruitment was not associated with disability, it was associated with unemployment at follow-up.Conclusions Disability at 5 years was associated with illness variables - episodic nature of illness at baseline, psychopathology and functioning, duration in psychotic episode and return to pre-morbid function. Patient perspectives about their illness (insight and patient explanatory models) were only associated cross-sectionally at 60 months but not earlier and are more suggestive of a coping response rather than being predictive of outcome. The relationship between unemployment and disability suggests that they are products of the same disease process.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.ajp.2014.01.003

Cites

33 of 33 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 35 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Johnson, S., Sathyaseelan, M., Charles, H., & Jacob, K. S.
Affiliations
Christian Medical College, Vellore (IN)
Corresponding author
Jacob, K.S.
ORCID
Venue
Asian Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-06
Volume
9
Pages
45-50
ISSN
1876-2018 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.ajp.2014.01.003
OpenAlex
W2033827010
Cited by
24
References
35
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
FWCI
1.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Asian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Wellcome Trust, London
  • Christian Medical College, Vellore
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
schizophrenia, disability, first-episode schizophrenia, predictors of disability, remission, psychopathology, functional outcome, insight, explanatory models of illness, unemployment, low- and middle-income countries
MeSH terms
Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Disability Evaluation, Employment, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Cohort Studies, Persons with Intellectual Disabilities, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review