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Cited by 200Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesHomicide, Infanticide, and Child AbuseMental Health Treatment and Access

Risk factors for suicide in rural south India

Open access
Manoranjitham, S. D., Rajkumar, A. P., Thangadurai, P., Prasad, J., Jayakaran, R., Jacob, K. S.·2010·British Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.063347
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Abstract

Background: The relative contributions of psychosocial stress and psychiatric morbidity to suicide are a subject of debate. Aims: To determine major risk factors for suicide in rural south India. Method: We used a matched case–control design and psychological autopsy to assess 100 consecutive suicides and 100 living controls matched for age, gender and neighbourhood. Results: Thirty-seven (37%) of those who died by suicide had a DSM–III–R psychiatric diagnosis. Alcohol dependence (16%) and adjustment disorders (15%) were the most common categories. The prevalence rates for schizophrenia, major depressive episode and dysthymia were 2% each. Ongoing stress and chronic pain heightened the risk of suicide. Living alone and a break in a steady relationship within the past year were also significantly associated with suicide. Conclusions: Psychosocial stress and social isolation, rather than psychiatric morbidity, are risk factors for suicide in rural south India.

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  • The ODIN study found an unexpectedly low prevalence of adjustment disorder ranging from 1 to 1.9% in the general population.

    “A similar problem also arose in the ODIN study, which also found an unexpectedly low prevalence ranging from 1 to 1.9% in the general population. 7”

    From Adjustment disorder: Implications for ICD-11 and DSM-5 (2012) · cites this paper as [7]

    The Results section reports adjustment disorder in 15% of people who died by suicide in a rural South Indian study; it does not report findings from the ODIN study. Searches for ODIN and the claimed 1–1.9% general-population prevalence found no passage addressing that claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)

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1 of the 38 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Joseph A, Joseph KS, Kamaraj K. Use of computers in primary health care. Int J Health Sci 1991; 2: 93-101.
  2. Kessler D, Lloyd K, Lewis G, Gray DP. Cross sectional study of symptom attribution and recognition of depression and anxiety in primary care. BMJ 1999; 318: 436-9.
  3. Lewis G, Pelosi A, Araya R, Dunn G. Measuring psychiatric morbidity in the community: a standardised interview for use by lay interviewers. Psychol Med 1992; 22: 465-86.

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Authors
Manoranjitham, S. D., Rajkumar, A. P., Thangadurai, P., Prasad, J., Jayakaran, R., & Jacob, K. S.
Affiliations
Christian Medical College, Vellore (IN)
Corresponding author
Jacob, K. S.
ORCID
Venue
British Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
Royal College of Psychiatrists
Published
2010-01
Volume
196
Issue
1
Pages
26-30
ISSN
  • 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
  • 1472-1465
DOI
10.1192/bjp.bp.108.063347
OpenAlex
W2147762875
Cited by
200
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 22
FWCI
12.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 2923 d)
Locations
  • The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
  • Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
suicide risk factors, rural suicide, psychosocial stress, social isolation, psychiatric morbidity, alcoholism, adjustment disorder, schizophrenia, major depressive episode, dysthymia, chronic pain, living alone, breakup, South India
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcoholism, Mental Disorders, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, India, Male, Middle Aged, Pain, Risk Factors, Rural Health, Social Isolation, Socioeconomic Factors, Stress, Psychological, Suicide, Case-Control Studies, Young Adult

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