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Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic
Open accessAbstract
Novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) originating from China has rapidly crossed borders, infecting people throughout the whole world. This phenomenon has led to a massive public reaction; the media has been reporting continuously across borders to keep all informed about the pandemic situation. All these things are creating a lot of concern for people leading to heightened levels of anxiety. Pandemics can lead to heightened levels of stress; Anxiety is a common response to any stressful situation. This study attempted to assess the knowledge, attitude, anxiety experience, and perceived mental healthcare need among adult Indian population during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire using a non-probability snowball sampling technique. A total of 662 responses were received. The responders had a moderate level of knowledge about the COVID-19 infection and adequate knowledge about its preventive aspects. The attitude towards COVID-19 showed peoples' willingness to follow government guidelines on quarantine and social distancing. The anxiety levels identified in the study were high. More than 80 % of the people were preoccupied with the thoughts of COVID-19 and 72 % reported the need to use gloves, and sanitizers. In this study, sleep difficulties, paranoia about acquiring COVID-19 infection and distress related social media were reported in 12.5 %, 37.8 %, and 36.4 % participants respectively. The perceived mental healthcare need was seen in more than 80 % of participants. There is a need to intensify the awareness and address the mental health issues of people during this COVID-19 pandemic.
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“In the COVID-19 pandemic, as in other pandemics, fear, anxiety, and worries have been the major psychological consequences (Roy et al., 2020; Tandon, 2020a; Xiang et al., 2020).”
From Understanding coronaphobia (2020) · cites this paper as Roy et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“Moreover, because of COVID-19, organizations providing humanitarian services, like the WFP, are experiencing a severe financial crisis as well as difficulty in keeping their food distribution cycle intact [14].”
From The Role of Blockchain to Fight Against COVID-19 (2020) · cites this paper as [14]
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“Leveraging blockchain technology, international or national humanitarian organizations can remotely and securely help needy people buy free or subsidized food from local vendors [14].”
From The Role of Blockchain to Fight Against COVID-19 (2020) · cites this paper as [14]
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Cites
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Diagnosis of COVID-19 Using Low-Energy IoT-Enabled System
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“A high level of anxiety is related to the decreased adoption of precautionary measures and increased maladaptive behaviors [38,39].”
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“Furthermore, uncertainty regarding academic and research progression could be a stressor for postgraduate students.(68) People with higher levels of education were more anxious, depressed, and stressed during the COVID-19 pandemic.”
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“En pandemias previas, se ha estudiado la transcendencia de esta variable en la población joven (Everts, 2013; Roy et al., 2020; Taylor et al., 2008).”
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Seberger, J. S., Obi, I., Loukil, M., Liao, W., Wild, D. J., & Patil, S. (2022) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3555586 · Cited by 12
“The pandemic is directly linked to the experience of negative afective states [77] such as fear and anxiety [19], depression [78], and anger [92].”
BackgroundHomayuni, A. (2023) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01090-w · Cited by 13
“[18] showed that people experienced more anxiety and health anxiety during COVID-19.”
BackgroundRyan, R. E., Silke, C., Parkhill, A., Virgona, A., Merner, B., Hurley, S., Walsh, L., de Moel‐Mandel, C., Schonfeld, L., Edwards, A., et al. (2023) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd015144 · Cited by 12
Munam, A. M., & Hossain, A. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems · doi:10.1109/tcss.2024.3350087 · Cited by 12
“…with others, cleaning and dis-infecting objects and surfaces that are frequently touched, knowledgeable community, impact on livelihood, availability of food items, routine behavior, impact on education, and others, some of which have been studied before [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49].”
BackgroundEl‐Ashry, A. M., Seweid, M. M., Ghoneam, M. A., Abdelaliem, S. M. F., & Sabek, E. M. (2024) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-024-02039-z · Cited by 12
“When the number of afflicted countries reached 114, the World Health Organization proclaimed COVID-19 to be a global pandemic due to the absence of constraints and the infection’s quick spread [3].”
BackgroundConsultation-Liaison Psychiatry During COVID-19 Lockdown: A Retrospective Chart Review
Jhanwar, S., Krishnan, V., & Rohilla, J. K. (2020) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.11048 · Cited by 11
Subedi, D., & Subedi, R. (2020) · Research in Educational Policy and Management · doi:10.46303/repam.2020.5 · Cited by 12
“stimulated the researchers’ belief that being resilient individual is not about gaining success magically; rather it is all about how the people can adapt in the environment where they are living, making right use of the available resources (Rutter, 2006 as cited in Shean, 2015) to bounce back the vulnerabilities they…”
BackgroundSadore, A. A., Handiso, D. W., Ejajo, T., Mekango, D. E., & Moges, S. (2021) · Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness · doi:10.1017/dmp.2021.184 · Cited by 12
Socio-economic predictors of public understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic
Hossain, M. R., Chakma, S., Tasnim, F., & Zahra, Z. (2021) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07255 · Cited by 12
“misleading information about COVID-19 had an adverse impact on individuals’ mental health, resulting in depression and psychological trauma (Mamun and Griffiths 2020; Nicola et al., 2020; Roy et al., 2020).”
Reile, R., Kullamaa, L., Hallik, R., Innos, K., Kukk, M., Laidra, K., Nurk, E., Tamson, M., & Vorobjov, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.564706 · Cited by 12
“Several studies have shown higher levels of mental health problems in health care workers and in customer service during the current pandemic (28, 29).”
BackgroundBabicki, M., Bogudzińska, B., Kowalski, K. E., & Mastalerz–Migas, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.704248 · Cited by 12
“According to reports from India, the media constantly reporting the progress of the pandemic abroad contributed to a massive increase in anxiety and fear among the population (37).”
BackgroundSrivastava, R., Gupta, S., & Sanjeev, M. A. (2021) · Journal of Public Affairs · doi:10.1002/pa.2791 · Cited by 12
Durmuş, M., & Öztürk, Z. (2022) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-021-01494-1 · Cited by 12
“Although there are many studies investigating the psychological conditions of the uninfected general population who were isolated at home during the COVID-19 outbreak (Huang & Zhao, 2020; Roy et al., 2020), studies of older adults, who are a vulnerable group, are quite limited.”
BackgroundMeher, K., Mushtaq, M., & Fatima, S. (2022) · OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying · doi:10.1177/00302228221078074 · Cited by 15
“The situation appears to be very stressful for health professionals to see their colleagues and loved ones passing away and suffering from the infection (Roy et al., 2020).”
BackgroundAlt, D., Itzkovich, Y., & Naamati-Schneider, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.849489 · Cited by 12
“…on COVID-19 and mental health (e.g., anxiety) have pointed to the negative impact of the pandemic on students and the general population (Cao et al., 2020; Roy et al., 2020; Valadez et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2020), while scarcely addressing the effect of the lockdowns on students’ well-being.”
BackgroundImpact of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Patients with Chronic Tinnitus—Preliminary Results
Fioretti, A. B., Natalini, E., Triggianese, G., Eibenstein, R., Angelone, A. M., Lauriello, M., & Eibenstein, A. (2022) · Audiology Research · doi:10.3390/audiolres12030034 · Cited by 12
Caycho‐Rodríguez, T., Tomás, J. M., Valencia, P. D., Ventura‐León, J., Vilca, L. W., Carbajal‐León, C., Reyes-Bossio, M. A., White, M., Rojas-Jara, C., Polanco-Carrasco, R., et al. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-03389-0 · Cited by 12
“Snowball sampling has been a widely used technique in studies during the pandemic, as it facilitates obtaining a large number of responses (Roy et al., 2020).”
Daulay, N., Darmayanti, N., Harahap, A. C. P., Wahyuni, S., Mirza, R., Dewi, S. S., Hardjo, S., Indrawan, Y. F., Aisyah, S., Harahap, D. P., et al. (2022) · Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal · doi:10.25217/igcj.v5i2.2696 · Cited by 24
Al-Ogaili, A. S., Ramasamy, A. K., Marsadek, M. B., Hashim, T. J. T., Al-Sharaa, A., Aadam, M. B., & Audah, L. (2020) · Computers, materials & continua/Computers, materials & continua (Print) · doi:10.32604/cmc.2020.013440 · Cited by 12
Shahabi, N. A., Takhti, H. K., Hassaniazad, M., Rad, R. E., Ghaffari, H. R., Mohseni, S., Aghamolaei, T., & Norozian, F. (2021) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s10389-020-01454-1 · Cited by 12
Ugas, M. A., Samoil, D., Avery, L. M., Berlín, A., Giuliani, M., Papadakos, T. J., Quartey, N. K., & Papadakos, J. (2021) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.33976 · Cited by 11
Garrido‐Cumbrera, M., González‐Marín, A., Correa-Fernández, J., Braçe, O., & Foley, R. (2023) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.2875 · Cited by 10
“During these lockdowns in the first wave, different restriction measures were imposed, varying from country to country, affecting social distancing and mobility behaviors (Badr et al., 2020; Roy et al., 2020).”
BackgroundChaudhry, N. I., Rasool, S. F., Raza, M., Mhelska, H., & Rehman, F. U. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04728-5 · Cited by 11
“Past studies have also found similar findings (Kontoangelos et al., 2020; Roy et al., 2020; Sasaki et al., 2020).”
ResultBen-Enukora, C., Oyero, O. S., Okorie, N., Ejem, A. A., & Omowale, A. T. (2023) · Frontiers in Communication · doi:10.3389/fcomm.2023.1052397 · Cited by 11
Elareshi, M., Habes, M., Ali, S., & Attar, R. W. (2024) · Frontiers in Communication · doi:10.3389/fcomm.2024.1376717 · Cited by 16
Anxiety in Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
García-Rivas, A., Martos-Cabrera, M. B., Membrive‐Jiménez, M. J., Aguayo‐Estremera, R., Suleiman‐Martos, N., Albendín‐García, L., & Gómez‐Urquiza, J. L. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12161575 · Cited by 11
“Currently, social networks serve as a source of information for students [93], especially since the confinement, during which younger students began to show greater attention to global news [94].”
BackgroundPanic-Buying Behaviour During the Covid-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Cultural Psychological Study
Eva, N., Saputra, D. R., Wulandari, D. A., Yahya, F. A., & Annisa, W. (2021) · KnE Social Sciences · doi:10.18502/kss.v4i15.8192 · Cited by 11
Kaur, R., Garg, A., & Kaur, P. (2021) · Journal of Engineering Education/Journal of engineering education transformations/Journal of engineering education transformation · doi:10.16920/jeet/2021/v34i3/153917 · Cited by 11
Validation and Assessment of COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index among Indian Dental Professionals
Nagarajappa, R., Mahapatra, I., Satyarup, D., & Mohanty, S. (2021) · Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada · doi:10.1590/pboci.2021.112 · Cited by 11
“, where 72% felt the need for the same [17].”
BackgroundDay, J. (2021) · Cited by 11
Psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on dentistry: A systematic review study
Abedi, N. (2021) · Journal of Education and Health Promotion · doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1637_20 · Cited by 11
Lo, A., Jun, B.-O., Shieh, V., Starlin, C. M., Sugahara, S., & Li, D. (2021) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.30773/pi.2021.0220 · Cited by 11
Balaji, M., & Patel, V. (2021) · Indian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_100_21 · Cited by 11
Sánchez-Guarnido, A. J., Huertas, P., Garcia-Solier, R., Solano, M., Díez, B., de León, M. S.-M., & Herruzo, J. (2021) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare10010064 · Cited by 11
“Other studies have found similar results and have also identified some risk factors associated with increased mental health problems, such as having family members or acquaintances infected with the virus [8], abuse of social networks [9], and an excess of information through the media [10].”
ResultAbdelrahman, R. M., & Ismail, M. E. (2022) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09422 · Cited by 12
Impact of social comparison on perceived online academic futility: A perspective from parents
Wang, Q., Song, X., Hong, J., Li, S., Zhang, M., & Yang, X. (2022) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-022-11402-z · Cited by 11
“As a promising learning method, online learning has provided convenience for teaching and learning, but it has also created an uncertain and anxious environment for children and parents (Roy et al., 2020), which has triggered a series of issues.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Roy, D., Tripathy, S., Kar, S. K., Sharma, N., Verma, S. K., & Kaushal, V.
- Affiliations
- King George's Medical University (IN)
- Government of Uttar Pradesh (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Kar, Sujita Kumar
- ORCID
- Venue
- Asian Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-06
- Volume
- 51
- Pages
- 102083
- ISSN
- 1876-2018 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7139237
- OpenAlex
- W3014597060
- Cited by
- 1,759
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 106 · 2023: 218 · 2022: 393 · 2021: 607 · 2020: 368
- FWCI
- 158.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Asian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › COVID-19 Prevention and Impact
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety, knowledge and attitudes, quarantine compliance, social distancing, sleep disorders, paranoia, preventive behavior, Indian adults
- MeSH terms
- Psychological Distress, COVID-19, Adult, Anxiety, Female, Humans, India, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Mental Health Services, Paranoid Disorders, Pneumonia, Viral, Sleep Wake Disorders, Infection Control, Coronavirus Infections, Pandemics, Diagnostic Self Evaluation
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