Adolescent Smoking
Abstract
Background A substantial challenge in addressing adolescent tobacco use is that smoking behaviors occur in complex environments that involve the school setting and larger community context.Purpose This study provides an integrated description of factors from the school and community environment that affect youth smoking and explains variation in individual smoking behaviors both within and across schools/communities.Methods Data were collected from 82 randomly sampled secondary schools in five Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland, and Labrador) during the 2003-2004 school year. Cross-sectional data were obtained from students; school administrators (school-based tobacco control policies and programs); and from observations in the community. In 2009, hierarchic logistic regression was used to model the role of individual, school, and community variables in predicting student smoking outcomes.Results Students who attended a school with a focus on tobacco prevention (OR=0.87, 95% CI=0.81, 0.94) and stronger policies prohibiting tobacco use (OR=0.92, 95% CI=0.88, 0.97) were less likely to smoke than students who attended a school without these characteristics. A student was more likely to smoke if a greater number of students smoked on the school periphery (OR=1.25, 95% CI=1.07, 1.47). Within the community, price per cigarette (OR=0.91, 95% CI=0.84, 0.99) and immigrants (OR=0.99, 95% CI=0.98, 0.99) were inversely related to students' smoking status.Conclusions The results suggest that school and community characteristics account for variation in smoking levels across schools. Based on the current findings, the ideal school setting that supports low student smoking levels is located in a neighborhood where the cost of cigarettes is high, provides tobacco prevention education, and has a policy prohibiting smoking.
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The majority of studies have found that higher cigarette taxes reduce consumption, including reducing the prevalence of active smoking and increasing cessation rates, especially in young smokers.
“The majority of studies have found that higher taxes reduce consumption, including reducing the prevalence of active smoking and increasing cessation rates, especially in young smokers.208–210”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [210]
In some cross-sectional observational studies, students at schools with stronger policies restricting tobacco use were less likely to be current smokers.
“In some, but not other, cross-sectional observational studies, students at schools with stronger policies restricting tobacco use were less likely to be current smokers.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [210]
Cross-sectional observational studies evaluating the level of enforcement of school tobacco policies more consistently found links between stronger enforcement and lower rates of smoking among students.
“In contrast to studies assessing the presence of anti-tobacco policies, cross-sectional observational studies evaluating the level of enforcement of these policies more consistently found links between stronger enforcement and lower rates of smoking among students.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [210]
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- Authors
- Lovato, C. Y., Zeisser, C., Campbell, H. S., Watts, A. W., Halpin, P., Thompson, M., Eyles, J., Adlaf, E., & Brown, K. S.
- Affiliations
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- University of Waterloo (CA)
- McMaster University (CA)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Lovato, Chris Y.
- Venue
- American Journal of Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-12
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 507-514
- ISSN
- 0749-3797 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W61346824
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 4.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (62748)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- adolescent smoking, cigarette prices, immigrant students, high school students
- MeSH terms
- Smoking Prevention, Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Canada, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Female, Health Education, Humans, Male, Residence Characteristics, Schools, Smoking, Social Environment, Socioeconomic Factors, Students, Logistic Models, Organizational Policy
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