Smoking-cessation interventions for U.S. young adults: updated systematic review.
Abstract
Context Recent data suggest that the onset of cigarette smoking is now more likely during young adulthood than adolescence. Additionally, the landscape of delivering smoking-cessation interventions has changed in the past decade, with the emergence of mobile phone and web-based approaches. The objective of this study is to update a 2010 systematic review of smoking-cessation interventions for U.S. young adults (aged 18-24 years).Evidence acquisition Electronic searches were conducted in CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Sociological Abstracts to identify eligible interventions from August 31, 2009 through July 17, 2019. Two independent coders critically evaluated the methodology and findings of all retrieved articles. Data analysis was conducted in 2019.Evidence synthesis A total of 17 RCTs and 1 nonrandomized study were added to the original 14 studies meeting the inclusion criteria for this review; these studies varied with respect to sample size, intervention, assessed outcomes, and smoking measures. Of the new studies, 3 increased cessation in the short term, 2 at 6 months, and 1 had short-term effects on cigarette reduction. Pooled analyses supported the use of interventions employing social cognitive theory, quitline counseling, and text message programs for short-term cessation in young adults.Conclusions Of 32 included studies, 9 demonstrated efficacy of smoking cessation or reduction in U.S. young adults. There were no eligible pharmacologic interventions included in this review. Findings support the promise of 3 approaches for young adult cessation not included in the prior review: text message interventions, sustained quit-and-win contests, and multiple behavior interventions.
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Villanti, A. C., West, J. C., Klemperer, E. M., Graham, A. L., Mays, D., Mermelstein, R. J., & Higgins, S. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Vermont (US)
- Truth Initiative (US)
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Villanti, Andrea C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-07
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 123-136
- ISSN
- 0749-3797 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7453837
- OpenAlex
- W4237925895
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 8
- FWCI
- 1.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Keywords
- smoking cessation, young adults, text messaging intervention, social cognitive theory, mobile health, online intervention, smoking onset
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