The QT interval in patients with the Turner syndrome
Abstract
Patients with the Turner syndrome (TS) often have longer QT intervals compared with age-matched peers although the significance of this remains unknown. We sought to determine the degree, frequency and impact of QTc prolongation in patients with TS. A chart review of all patients with an electrocardiogram (ECG) and genetically proven TS was performed. Medications at the time of the ECG were reviewed and QTc calculated. Medications were classified according to QTc risk using www.crediblemeds.com. ECG parameters were compared with an age, gender, and cardiac lesion-matched control group. Over the 10-year period of review, 112 TS patients with a mean age of 34 ± 25 years underwent 226 ECGs. At least 1 QTc prolonging medication was prescribed in 81 (74%) patients. Longer QTc interval correlated with absence of y chromosomal material (p = 0.01), older age (p <0.0001), increased number of QTc prolonging and nonprolonging medications (p <0.0001 each). During the 7.0 ± 5.1 years of follow-up, no patient had ventricular arrhythmia or unexplained sudden death. QTc was significantly shorter in matched controls using either Bazett or Hodges formula (424 ± 16 ms vs 448 ± 28 ms, p <0.0001; and 414.8 ± 16 ms vs 424.2 ± 20 ms; p = 0.0002, respectively). However, there was no difference in the frequency of QTc prolongation >460 msec (2.8% vs 2.6%, p = 0.9). In conclusion, despite frequent use of QT-prolonging medications, ventricular arrhythmias are rare in TS.
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There is no documented association between QTc prolongation in persons with TS and sudden cardiac death.
“Importantly, there is no documented association between QTc prolongation in persons with TS and sudden cardiac death.491,493,494”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [494]
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- Authors
- Harrahill, N. J., Yetman, A. T., Danford, D. A., Starr, L. J., Sanmann, J. N., & Robinson, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Creighton University (US)
- Nebraska Medical Center (US)
- Children's Hospital & Medical Center (US)
- University of Nebraska Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yetman, Anji T.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The American Journal of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-02
- Volume
- 140
- Pages
- 118-121
- ISSN
- 0002-9149 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3095538242
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 0.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The American Journal of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
- Keywords
- Turner syndrome, QTc prolongation, QT interval, QT-prolonging medications, ventricular arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, Bazett formula, Hodges formula, electrocardiogram
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Electrocardiography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Rate, Humans, Long QT Syndrome, Male, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Turner Syndrome, Young Adult
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