Paternal Depression Rates in Prenatal and Postpartum Periods and Affecting Factors
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the paternal depression rates and affecting factors in prenatal and postpartum periods. The study, which was descriptive and cross-sectional, was conducted with 92 volunteer couples that suited the criteria for the sample. These participants were selected from couples that applied to the gynecology clinic of a private hospital between September 2014 and April 2015 and who were in their 37th-40th weeks of pregnancy. Data collection was planned in two interviews; the first one was done between the 37th and 40th weeks of the pregnancy, and the second was conducted between the 4th and 6th weeks after the birth. Interviews were completed with 84 couples. In this study, it was determined that there was no relationship between average paternal and maternal scores on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in prenatal and postpartum periods. It was found that the average score of the Family-Work Conflict Scale increased and couples' marriage harmony decreased as the EPDS average score for fathers increased. In addition, it was found that the EPDS average score for fathers that wanted the pregnancy was less compared to fathers that did not want the pregnancy, and the difference between the two groups was statistically meaningful.
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Other studies have reported different patterns, such as an increase in depressive symptoms from antepartum to postpartum [48] or a decrease six months postpartum [47].
“Other studies have reported different patterns, such as an increase in depressive symptoms from antepartum to postpartum [48] or a decrease six months postpartum [47].”
From Fathers at risk: Effects of threatened and actual preterm birth on the course of paternal peripartum depression and anxiety (2026) · cites this paper as [48]
Protective factors include higher education, stable relationships, and first-time fatherhood, whereas lower socioeconomic status, limited social support, poor relationship quality, additional caregiving responsibilities, and maternal psychological distress have been associated with poorer paternal mental health.
“Protective factors include higher education, stable relationships, and first-time fatherhood, whereas lower socioeconomic status, limited social support, poor relationship quality, additional caregiving responsibilities, and maternal psychological distress have been associated with poorer paternal mental health [24,29,48,55].”
From Fathers at risk: Effects of threatened and actual preterm birth on the course of paternal peripartum depression and anxiety (2026) · cites this paper as [48]
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- Authors
- Top, E. D., Cetisli, N. E., Guclu, S., & Zengin, E. B.
- Corresponding author
- Zengin, Esma Burcak
- Venue
- Archives of Psychiatric Nursing
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 747-752
- ISSN
- 0883-9417 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2468912766
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Psychiatric Nursing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- paternal depression, prenatal period, postpartum period, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, family-work conflict, pregnancy intention, couples, risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Conflict, Psychological, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Fathers, Female, Humans, Male, Marriage, Pregnancy, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Depression, Postpartum, Postpartum Period
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