Synergistic effects of tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate and antimycotics against oral Candida species
Abstract
Objective Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major antimicrobial tea polyphenol, has been reported to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans planktonic cells and enhance the antifungal activity of antimycotics. We hypothesised that synergism exists between EGCG and conventional antimycotics against biofilms of Candida species.Design The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of EGCG, miconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B against planktonic cells and the sessile MIC (SMIC) against biofilms of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida kefyr and Candida krusei were determined by a microdilution method. For assessment of biofilm metabolic activity, the 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay was used. The interactions between EGCG and antimycotics were evaluated by checkerboard microdilution assay and determined by fractional inhibitory concentration index (FIC).Results Synergism was observed between EGCG and miconazole, fluconazole or amphotericin B against most test planktonic and biofilm cells of Candida species (FIC≤0.5). All biofilm cells were significantly more resistant to EGCG and antimycotics (20-3200 times higher) compared with their planktonic counterparts.Conclusions We conclude that EGCG enhances the antifungal effects of miconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B. Combined treatment with EGCG may lower the dosages of antimycotics, thus preventing adverse effects and the emergence of drug-resistant oral Candida species.
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The combination of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with miconazole, fluconazole, or amphotericin B has a synergistic effect against planktonic and biofilm cells of Candida species (FIC ≤ 50).
“For example, Ning et al. [271] has shown that the combination of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with miconazole, fluconazole, or amphotericin B has a synergistic effect against planktonic and biofilm cells of Candida species (Fractional inhibitory concentrations (FIC) ≤ 50).”
From Candida glabrata Biofilms: How Far Have We Come? (2017) · cites this paper as [271]
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Awasthi, S. (2026) · Materials horizons · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-9077-3_4
- Authors
- Ning, Y., Ling, J., & Wu, C. D.
- Affiliations
- Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wu, Christine D.
- ORCID
- Wu, Christine D.
- Venue
- Archives of Oral Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-10
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1565-1570
- ISSN
- 0003-9969 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1857912969
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 3.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Oral Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Tea Polyphenols and Effects
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Keywords
- epigallocatechin gallate, tea polyphenols, Candida biofilms, Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida kefyr, Candida krusei, miconazole, fluconazole, amphotericin B, antifungal synergy, drug resistance, oral candidiasis
- MeSH terms
- Amphotericin B, Anilides, Antifungal Agents, Candida, Catechin, Drug Synergism, Miconazole, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Tetrazolium Salts, Fluconazole, Biofilms, Polyphenols
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