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Autophagy: Emerging roles in lipid homeostasis and metabolic control
Abstract
Current evidence implicates autophagy in the regulation of lipid stores within the two main organs involved in maintaining lipid homeostasis, the liver and adipose tissue. Critical to this role in hepatocytes is the breakdown of cytoplasmic lipid droplets, a process referred to as lipophagy. Conversely, autophagy is required for adipocyte differentiation and the concurrent accumulation of lipid droplets. Autophagy also affects lipid metabolism through contributions to lipoprotein assembly. A number of reports have now implicated autophagy in the degradation of apolipoprotein B, the main structural protein of very-low-density-lipoprotein. Aberrant autophagy may also be involved in conditions of deregulated lipid homeostasis in metabolic disorders such as the metabolic syndrome. First, insulin signalling and autophagy activity appear to diverge in a mechanism of reciprocal regulation, suggesting a role for autophagy in insulin resistance. Secondly, upregulation of autophagy may lead to conversion of white adipose tissue into brown adipose tissue, thus regulating energy expenditure and obesity. Thirdly, upregulation of autophagy in hepatocytes could increase breakdown of lipid stores controlling triglyceride homeostasis and fatty liver. Taken together, autophagy appears to play a very complex role in lipid homeostasis, affecting lipid stores differently depending on the tissue, as well as contributing to pathways of lipoprotein metabolism.
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“Autophagy plays a critical role in lipid metabolism and reduces lipid toxicity in a number of animal models of disease. 68,69”
From Deletion of autophagy inducer RB1CC1 results in degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (2015) · cites this paper as [69]
Citations
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Metadata
- Authors
- Christian, P., Sacco, J., & Adeli, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Adeli, Khosrow
- ORCID
- Adeli, Khosrow
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-04
- Volume
- 1831
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 819-824
- ISSN
- 1388-1981 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2021662620
- Cited by
- 139
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 9
- FWCI
- 1.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- autophagy, lipid homeostasis, lipophagy, lipid droplets, adipogenesis, lipoprotein assembly, VLDL, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, insulin signaling, brown adipose tissue, white adipose tissue, energy expenditure, obesity, hepatic steatosis, triglyceride homeostasis, hepatocytes, adipose tissue
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Apolipoproteins B, Autophagy, Humans, Lipoproteins, Adipocytes, Hepatocytes, Lipid Metabolism
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