Cited by 512Stress Responses and CortisolNeuroendocrine regulation and behaviorMemory and Neural Mechanisms

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Effect of social isolation on stress-related behavioural and neuroendocrine state in the rat

Weiss, Isabelle C, Pryce, Christopher R, Jongen-Rêlo, Ana L, Nanz-Bahr, Nina I, Feldon, Joram·2004·Behavioural Brain Research

DOI 10.1016/j.bbr.2003.10.015

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Abstract

The present study investigated the effects of post-weaning social isolation (SI) on behavioural and neuroendocrine reactivity to stress of male and female rats. Innate aspects of fear and anxiety were assessed in the open field and elevated plus maze tests. Spontaneous startle reflex and conditioned fear response were further investigated. The neuroendocrine response of isolates was examined by measuring basal and stress release of ACTH and corticosterone and by evaluating the mRNA expression of mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid (GR) receptors using in situ hybridization. Locomotor activity in the open field was not modified by chronic SI. In males, but not females, SI produced an anxiogenic profile in the elevated plus maze. Male isolates showed a trend towards increased startle reflex amplitude relative to socially-reared controls. Moreover, SI in males produced alterations of the HPA axis functioning as reflected by higher basal levels of ACTH, and enhanced release of ACTH and corticosterone following stress. In contrast, startle response or HPA axis functioning were not altered in female isolates. Social isolates from both genders showed reduced contextual fear-conditioning. Finally, the mRNA expression of MR and GR was not modified by SI. The results of the present study suggest that chronic SI increases emotional reactivity to stress and produces a hyperfunction of the HPA axis in adult rats, particularly in males.

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Zhao, X., Chae, Y. C., Smith, D., Chen, V., DeFelipe, D., Sokol, J. W., Sadangi, A., & Tschida, K. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.94924.2
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“…Krupina et al., 2020], habituation (non-associative learning) in terms of locomotor activity and acoustic startle response [Khlebnikova et al. 2018: Weiss et al., 2004], and spatial memory [Krupina et al., 2020], along with defects in social and novel object recognition [Bianchi et al., 2006;…”
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Scariot, P. P. M., dos Reis, I. G. M., Monteiro, W. A. P., dos Reis, M. C., Bertolucci, V., Manchado-Gobatto, F. D. B., Gobatto, C. A., & Messias, L. H. D. (2025) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s25113290
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“However, our results indicate that footshock stress alone is capable of inducing aggression, without the inclusion of additional stressors, such as prolonged social isolation, which is sufficient to cause aggression on its own 80,107-109 .”
Behavioral characterization of triple-hit schizophrenia-like Lisket rats derived from the Long Evans strain through acute and chronic behavioral tests
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“The device is designed for single-housed rats, which restricts the number of simultaneous observations and may introduce a form of social stress that could in ﬂ uence behavior (66).”
Rodent models of posttraumatic stress disorder
Pinna, G. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29090-9.00015-5
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Silva Júnior, A. F. D. (2023) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)
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Scariot, P. P. M., Papoti, M., Polisel, E. E. C., Orsi, J. B., Hill, D. W., Manchado-Gobatto, F. D. B., & Gobatto, C. A. (2026) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.70812
“…chronic social isolation alters metabolic and behavioral parameters of rodents (Benfato et al., 2022; Goldsmith et al., 1978; Moore, 1968; Parker & Morinan, 1986; Schipper et al., 2020; Sharp et al., 2002; Sun et al., 2014; Weiss et al., 2004), the mice were housed collectively (10 mice per cage).”

Authors: Weiss, I. C., Pryce, C. R., Jongen-Rêlo, A. L., Nanz-Bahr, N. I., & Feldon, J.
Affiliations: ETH Zurich (CH)
Corresponding author: Feldon, Joram
ORCID: Pryce, Christopher R
Venue: Behavioural Brain Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2004-07
Volume: 152
Issue: 2
Pages: 279-295
ISSN: 0166-4328 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2003.10.015
OpenAlex: W2076236287
Cited by: 512
References: 76
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 3.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Behavioural Brain Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Branco Weiss Fellowship – Society in Science
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords: social isolation, post-weaning social isolation, stress reactivity, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, ACTH, corticosterone, mineralocorticoid receptor, glucocorticoid receptor, anxiety, fear conditioning, startle response, sex differences, neuroendocrine response, rats
MeSH terms: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Conditioning, Psychological, Corticosterone, Fear, Female, Glucocorticoids, Immunohistochemistry, Kidney, Male, Motor Activity, Neurosecretory Systems, Radioimmunoassay, Random Allocation, Reflex, Acoustic, Sex Factors, Social Isolation, Stress, Physiological, Weaning, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, In Situ Hybridization, Receptors, Mineralocorticoid, Maze Learning, Rats

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Effect of social isolation on stress-related behavioural and neuroendocrine state in the rat

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