Marginal sealing around integral bilayer scaffolds for repairing osteochondral defects based on photocurable silk hydrogels
Open accessAbstract
Osteochondral repair remains a major challenge in current clinical practice despite significant advances in tissue engineering. In particular, the lateral integration of neocartilage into surrounding native cartilage is a difficult and inadequately addressed problem that determines the success of tissue repair. Here, a novel design of an integral bilayer scaffold combined with a photocurable silk sealant for osteochondral repair is reported. First, we fabricated a bilayer silk scaffold with a cartilage layer resembling native cartilage in surface morphology and mechanical strength and a BMP-2-loaded porous subchondral bone layer that facilitated the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Second, a TGF-β3-loaded methacrylated silk fibroin sealant (Sil-MA) exhibiting biocompatibility and good adhesive properties was developed and confirmed to promote chondrocyte migration and differentiation. Importantly, this TGF-β3-loaded Sil-MA hydrogel provided a bridge between the cartilage layer of the scaffold and the surrounding cartilage and then guided new cartilage to grow towards and replace the degraded cartilage layer from the surrounding native cartilage in the early stage of knee repair. Thus, osteochondral regeneration and superior lateral integration were achieved in vivo by using this composite. These results demonstrate that the new approach of marginal sealing around the cartilage layer of bilayer scaffolds with Sil-MA hydrogel has tremendous potential for clinical use in osteochondral regeneration.
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The integrated double-layer scaffold design solves the bone-cartilage connection problem.
“This design solves the bone–cartilage connection problem”
From Recent Advances in Silk Fibroin-Based Composites for Bone Repair Applications: A Review (2025) · cites this paper as [80]
The scaffold-characterization section reports a continuous, crack-free connection between the scaffold’s cartilage and bone layers. The Conclusions describe osteochondral repair using the bilayer scaffold together with a silk sealant, but call it a potential scaffold worthy of further investigation. The claim overstates this as solving the bone–cartilage connection problem outright. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe integrated double-layer scaffold combined with edge-sealing strategy can effectively promote regeneration of osteochondral cartilage.
“can effectively promote the regeneration of osteochondral cartilage”
From Recent Advances in Silk Fibroin-Based Composites for Bone Repair Applications: A Review (2025) · cites this paper as [80]
The integrated double-layer scaffold combined with edge-sealing strategy is a potential strategy for osteochondral repair.
“which is a potential strategy for osteochondral repair”
From Recent Advances in Silk Fibroin-Based Composites for Bone Repair Applications: A Review (2025) · cites this paper as [80]
The integrated double-layer scaffold with edge-sealing strategy achieves integration of newborn cartilage with the surrounding natural cartilage.
“achieves horizontal integration of the newborn cartilage with the surrounding natural cartilage through a light-cured hydrogel”
From Recent Advances in Silk Fibroin-Based Composites for Bone Repair Applications: A Review (2025) · cites this paper as [80]
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- Authors
- Wu, X., Zhou, M., Jiang, F., Yin, S., Lin, S., Yang, G., Lu, Y., Zhang, W., & Jiang, X.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Jiang, Fei
- Zhang, Wenjie
- Jiang, Xinquan
- Venue
- Bioactive Materials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-11
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3976-3986
- ISSN
- 2097-1192 (ISSN-L)
- 2452-199X
- PMC
- PMC8081879
- OpenAlex
- W3158673470
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 5.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Bioactive Materials (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31700848, 81620108006, 81921002, 81991505)
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1102900)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Silk-based biomaterials and applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
- Keywords
- osteochondral regeneration, marginal sealing, bilayer scaffold, silk fibroin hydrogel, TGF-beta3, BMP-2, mesenchymal stem cells, chondrogenic differentiation, cartilage integration, knee cartilage repair, subchondral bone regeneration
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