The biochemistry of environmental heavy metal uptake by plants: implications for the food chain.
Abstract
Plants absorb a number of elements from soil, some of which have no known biological function and some are known to be toxic at low concentrations. As plants constitute the foundation of the food chain, some concerns have been raised about the possibility of toxic concentrations of certain elements being transported from plants to higher strata of the food chain. Special attention has been given to the uptake and biotransformation mechanisms occurring in plants and its role in bioaccumulation and impact on consumers, especially human beings. While this review draws particular attention to metal accumulation in edible plants, researched studies of certain wild plants and their consumers are included. Furthermore, this review focuses on plant uptake of the toxic elements arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, and lead and their possible transfer to the food chain. These elements were selected because they are well-established as being toxic for living systems and their effects in humans have been widely documented. Arsenic is known to promote cancer of the bladder, lung, and skin and can be acquired, for example, through the consumption of As-contaminated rice. Cadmium can attack kidney, liver, bone, and it also affects the female reproduction system. Cadmium also can be found in rice. Chromium can produce cancer, and humans can be exposed through smoking and eating Cr-laden vegetables. Lead and mercury are well known neurotoxins that can be consumed via seafood, vegetables and rice.
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Variations in element concentrations among ash types may be explained by the accumulative capacity of different vegetation types, taking up different levels of elements from the soil and surrounding environment.
“These variations may be explained by the accumulative capacity of the different vegetation types, taking up different levels of elements from the soil and surrounding environment (Peralta-Videa et al. 2009;Brito et al. 2017).”
From Chemical composition of wildfire ash produced in contrasting ecosystems and its toxicity to Daphnia magna (2019) · cites this paper as Peralta-Videa et al. 2009
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Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of the European Union with Implications for Food Safety
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Comparative physiology of elemental distributions in plants
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Ullah, R., Hadi, F., Ahmad, S., Jan, A. U., & Rongliang, Q. (2019) · Water, Air, & Soil Pollution · doi:10.1007/s11270-019-4089-x · Cited by 85 · see citing works
- Authors
- Peralta-Videa, J. R., Lopez, M. L., Narayan, M., Saupe, G., & Gardea-Torresdey, J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at El Paso (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gardea-Torresdey, Jorge
- Venue
- The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-08
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 8-9
- Pages
- 1665-1677
- ISSN
- 1357-2725 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2156258253
- Cited by
- 926
- References
- 174
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 85 · 2021: 61 · 2020: 69 · 2019: 78 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 2.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- World Health Organization
- H2020 European Research Council
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Heavy Metals in Plants
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Keywords
- heavy metal uptake by plants, plant bioaccumulation, trophic transfer, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, lead, rice contamination, edible plants, wild plants, human health risk, neurotoxins, cancer risk
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biochemical Phenomena, Plants, Metals, Heavy, Food Chain
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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