The DOI matches its Crossref record; 250 of the 250 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Role of the Cerebellum in Schizophrenia
Open accessAbstract
For many years the cerebellum has been considered to serve as a coordinator of motor function. Likewise, for many years schizophrenia has been considered to be a disease that primarily affects the cerebrum. This review summarizes recent evidence that both these views must be revised in the light of emerging evidence about cerebellar function and the mechanisms of schizophrenia. Evidence indicating that the cerebellum plays a role in higher cortical functions is summarized. Evidence indicating that cerebellar abnormalities occur in schizophrenia is also reviewed. These suggest interesting directions for future research.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Noninvasive stimulation of the cerebellum with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), specifically posterior cerebellum-targeted intermittent theta burst stimulation (CBM-iTBS), has demonstrated benefits for psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia, which manifest potentially cerebellum-mediated symptoms including mood dysregulation and cognitive dysmetria (Andreasen, 1999; Andreasen et al.”
From A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial of cerebellar intermittent theta burst stimulation for bipolar disorder: Safety, tolerability, mood and cognitive effects (2025) · cites this paper as Andreasen & Pierson, 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias
(1951) · Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1951.02920270079043 · Cited by 4,407
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci
Yudofsky, S. C., & Hales, R. E. (1992) · The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1176/jnp.4.4.359 · Cited by 3,818
Monyer, H., Burnashev, N., Laurie, D. J., Sakmann, B., & Seeburg, P. H. (1994) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(94)90210-0 · Cited by 3,535
Marr, D. (1969) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1969.sp008820 · Cited by 3,253
The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome
Schmahmann, J. (1998) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/121.4.561 · Cited by 3,230
Recent advances in the phencyclidine model of schizophrenia
(1991) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.148.10.1301 · Cited by 2,904
A theory of cerebellar function
Albus, J. S. (1971) · Mathematical Biosciences · doi:10.1016/0025-5564(71)90051-4 · Cited by 2,539
Remission in Schizophrenia: Proposed Criteria and Rationale for Consensus
Andreasen, N. C., Carpenter, W. T., Kane, J. M., Lasser, R. A., Marder, S. R., & Weinberger, D. R. (2005) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.441 · Cited by 2,350
Self-citationA review of MRI findings in schizophrenia
Shenton, M. E., Dickey, C. C., Frumin, M., & McCarley, R. W. (2001) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00163-3 · Cited by 2,346
The cerebellum and neural control
Ito, M. (1984) · Cited by 2,314
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 601–669 of 669
A General Noological Framework
Ho, S.-B. (2016) · Socio-affective computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32113-4_3
The Role of BERP in Mammalian Systems
Cheung, C. C.-S. (2009) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Using Branch Predictors to Monitor Brain ActivityPreprint
Bhattacharjee, A. (2017) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1705.07887
Can Cerebellar Neurodevelopmental Disorders Affect Behavioral Disorders or Vice Versa?
Saravi, S. S. S., & Dehpour, A. R. (2017) · Contemporary clinical neuroscience · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59749-2_17
Efeito da pregabalina no fluxo sanguíneo cerebral regional em pacientes portadores de esquizofrenia
da Silva, C. H. (2015) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2016.tde-06012016-165605
Zainolabidin, N. (2017) · DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University) · doi:10.32657/10356/72795
Forlim, C. G., Klock, L., Bächle, J., Stoll, L., Giemsa, P., Fuchs, M., Schoofs, N., Montag, C., Gallinat, J., & Kühn, S. (2018) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/506576
Maina, J., Kirigia, E. K., & Onyango, J. O. (2019) · International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences · doi:10.22161/ijels.45.19
Provide Continuity of Care to Psychotic and Schizophrenic Patients Followed in Chud / Borgou
Djidonou, A., Yémalin, A. P., Francis, T. T., ComlanThéodore, A., & Emilie, F.-K. (2020) · International Journal of Psychiatry Research · doi:10.33425/2641-4317.1055
Tremblay, S. A. (2018) · Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)
A Case Report of Perceptual Disturbances with Incidental Calcifications in the Cerebellum
Manzoor, S., Sangha, L., Badh, P., Azizi, H., & Jolayemi, A. (2021) · Case Reports in Psychiatry · doi:10.1155/2021/2680674
Hoz, S. S., Al-Sharshahi, Z. F., AlGawwam, G., & Goyal, A. (2021) · Neurosurgery Cases and Reviews · doi:10.23937/2643-4474/1710082
Olive, M. F. (2019) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.734873110.793555753
Manto, M. U., Overwalle, F. V., & Mariën, P. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809324-5.01985-4
Clark, D. L., Boutros, N. N., & Mendez, M. F. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511776915.004
Wise, R. A. (2019) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.734873110.793560131
Vanderschuren, L. J. M. J. (2019) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.734873110.793560144
Early-childhood inflammation blunts the transcriptional maturation of cerebellar neuronsPreprint
Ament, S. A., Cortes-Gutierrez, M., Herb, B. R., Mocci, E., Colantuoni, C., & McCarthy, M. M. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.07.26.501598
Catatonia and Hypokinetic Movement Disorders
Mian, N., Bejjani, C., & Mehanna, R. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780197574317.003.0012
A comprehensive study on the cognitive mechanisms and neural substrates of hallucination proneness
Johnson, J. F. (2022) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20221101jj
Cerebello-Basal Ganglia Functional Network Integration in PsychosisPreprint
Jackson, T. B., Damme, K. S. F., Mittal, V. A., & Bernard, J. A. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.11.12.516285 · Cited by 1
Ueta, L. Z. (2022) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2022.tde-03012023-124734
The Role of Dysfunctional Reward Processing in Psychotic Disorders
Kaiser, S. (2023) · Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science · doi:10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.08.007
Motor Circuit Abnormalities During Cerebellar Development
Lackey, E. P., Hipolito, A. G. R., & Sillitoe, R. V. (2023) · Contemporary clinical neuroscience · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-23104-9_7
Can Cerebellar Neurodevelopmental Disorders Affect Behavioral Disorders or Vice Versa?
Jafari, R. M., Shadboorestan, A., Saravi, S. S. S., & Dehpour, A. R. (2023) · Contemporary clinical neuroscience · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-23104-9_20
A Classification and Pathology Study on Schizophrenia Based on Self-Attention Model
Li, G., Jin, W., Lin, R., Tan, Y. H. V., & Miao, J. (2023) · International Symposium on Computer Technology and Information Science (ISCTIS) · doi:10.1109/isctis58954.2023.10213043 · Cited by 1
Lesmana, N. K., & Ahmad Chanavi, M. Z. (2018) · Jurnal Akper Buntet Jurnal Ilmiah Akper Buntet Pesantren Cirebon · doi:10.58370/jab.v2i2.14
Generalized Internal Model of Mental Representations
Hiromitsu, K., & Asai, T. (2023) · doi:10.1093/med/9780192896162.003.0014
Bi, Y., Abrol, A., Jia, S., Fu, Z., & Calhoun, V. D. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.01.11.575307
Wu, H., Dai, G., Aizezi, M., Tang, J., Zou, K., Wu, Y., & Wu, X. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21314207
Psychosis Following a Cerebellar Stroke Revealing a Vertebral Artery Dissection
Mnaili, M. A. (2023) · Journal of Cerebrovascular Sciences · doi:10.4103/jcvs.jcvs_19_23
Delavari, F., Awada, J., Bolton, T. A. W., Alouf, F., Carruzzo, F., Kuenzi, N., Kaliuzhna, M., Geffen, T., Katthagen, T., Schlagenhauf, F., et al. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.07.11.24310281
Selig, M. E., Lee, G. S., Lebowitz, B. K., Franceschi, D., & Absar, N. M. (2024) · Case Reports in Psychiatry · doi:10.1155/2024/2863662
Pal, S. N., & Kadam, K. (2024) · Annals of Indian Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/aip.aip_76_24
Hierarchical Genomic Analysis of Susceptibility to Schizophrenia in Sudanese multi-case families
Saeed, A., Ahmed, L., Abuswar, S., Salih, M., Hussein, A. A., Eltigani, A., Elgizouli, M., & Ibrahim, M. E. (2024) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.154747.1
Postural Sway Dynamics in Adults Across the Autism Spectrum: A Multifactor ApproachPreprint
Bloomer, B. F., Bolbecker, A. R., Gildea, E., Kennedy, D. P., Wisner, K., O’Donnell, B. F., & Hetrick, W. P. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4995182
Cerebellar circuits for associative learning and memory
Freeman, J. H. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15754-7.00064-x
Huettig, F. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009245470.031
Duan, K., Silva, R. F., Rahaman, M. A., Fu, Z., Liu, J., Kochunov, P. V., van Erp, T. G. M., Shultz, S., & Calhoun, V. D. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.06.02.657541
Zhu, P., Wang, Y., Xiang, J., Gu, J., Chen, X., Chen, F., Zou, L., Ai, C., Qin, K., & Chen, W. R. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1664729
Liu, J., Li, S., Li, X., Li, W., Yang, Y., Guo, S., Lv, L., Xiao, X., Yao, Y.-G., Guan, F., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.15153815
Sunil, G., Gowtham, S., Bose, A., Harish, S., & Srinivasa, G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24934454
Kim, Y. G., Bak, M. S., Kim, A., Kim, Y., Chae, Y.-C., Kim, Y. L., Chun, Y.-S., An, J., Seo, S.-B., Kim, S. J., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14906086
Xu, X., Luo, S., Wang, X., Wen, X., Yin, J., Luo, X., He, B., Liang, C., Xiong, S., Zhu, D., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24054274
Şizofreni ve Bipolar Bozukluk Tanılı Hastalarda Cerebellar Vermis Hacminin Volumetrik Analizi
DERİNÖZ, E., Can, M. Ş., Özcan, E., Gülcen, B., & Kuş, İ. (2025) · Balıkesir Medical Journal · doi:10.33716/bmedj.1823346
Alterations in Nitric Oxide Production After Post-Weaning Social Isolation
Vranková, S., Galandakova, Z., Klimentova, J., Pecháňová, O., & Cebová, M. (2025) · Physiological Research · doi:10.33549/physiolres.935723
Taghvatalab, S., Batouli, S. A. H., Hamid Soltanian-zadeh, A., Zarrindast, M., & Naghavi, H. R. (2026) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2026.112165
Effective Connectivity Identifies Divergent Cerebro-Cerebellar Network Organization in Schizophrenia
Pearson, K., Aberizk, K., An, C., Hodges, G., van Erp, T. G. M., Calhoun, V. D., & Turner, J. A. (2026) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1007/s12311-026-01983-7
Efficacy of Optically Pumped Magnetometers in Detecting Activity From the Cerebellar Cortex
Roos, S., Hämäläinen, M., & Iivanainen, J. (2026) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.70514
Kim, S., Jung, Y., Kim, E., & Kim, K. Y. (2026) · The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.1016/j.tjpad.2026.100540
Effets de l’administration chronique de corticostérone sur le développement postnatal du cervelet
Hernandez, M. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/11108d29z1668z4c5fza0a1z1a48cad3879d
Implicit time in the cerebello-prefrontal network : a novel approach in mice
Faccini, F. L. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/be9129d7zfc33z4c64z9074zd929dfc8cc2a
Velioğlu, H. A., Gomez, T., Gallego, J. A., Lencz, T., Malhotra, A. K., Rokem, A., & Cao, H. (2026) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.04.001
Lessons from human neuroimaging on the developing cerebellum in health and disease
Jain, A., & D’Mello, A. M. (2026) · Current topics in developmental biology/Current Topics in Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.02.002
The Affective Cerebellum: The Role of the Posterior Fossa in Pediatric Neuropsychiatry
Soe, K. C., Abbasy, M. S., Gupta, R., Corominas, S. V., & Karlsson, C. D. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-10099-3_7
Temporal recalibration in schizophrenia: a compensatory timing trap?
Aytemür, A., DANACI, A. E., & İyilikci, O. (2026) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niag031
Cerebellar microRNA-206 Tunes Purkinje Neuron Firing Dynamics to Control Sensorimotor GatingPreprint
Heyer, M. P., Ishikawa, M., Wang, J., Evangelista, J. E., Fakira, A. K., Ma’ayan, A., Feng, G., & Kenny, P. J. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.64898/2026.06.29.734826
Cerebellar rhythms: mechanisms, functions and translational opportunities
Spampinato, D. A., Antonioni, A., D'Angelo, E. U., & Koch, G. (2026) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01072-y · Cited by 3
Koiliari, E. I., Tsitsipanis, C., Kapsetaki, M. E., & Pasparakis, E. L. (2026) · Pediatric Reports · doi:10.3390/pediatric18040114
Öztürk, E. Ö., Elik, T., Can, F., DANACI, A. E., & Aydemır, Ö. (2026) · International Journal of Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40345-026-00437-7
Beyond the At-Risk Mental State: Metastability and Hybrid States of Reality in Emerging Psychosis
Nuss, P., Ponnaiah, M., & Calhoun, V. D. (2026) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbag126
Mounce, J. (2011) · UNM’s Digital Repository (University of New Mexico)
Metadata
- Authors
- Andreasen, N. C., & Pierson, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Iowa (US)
- Corresponding author
- Andreasen, Nancy C.
- ORCID
- Andreasen, Nancy C.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-07
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 81-88
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3175494
- OpenAlex
- W2079590167
- Cited by
- 669
- References
- 250
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 4.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH060990, R01MH040856, 5 R01 MH 04856-20)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Keywords
- cerebellum, schizophrenia, cerebellar function, higher cortical functions, cerebellar abnormalities, motor coordination
- MeSH terms
- Brain Mapping, Cerebellum, Cerebral Cortex, Cognition Disorders, Higher Nervous Activity, Humans, Nerve Net, Neuropsychological Tests, Olivary Nucleus, Pons, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychomotor Performance, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Thalamus, Long-Term Potentiation, Positron-Emission Tomography
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review