The DOI matches its Crossref record; 120 of the 120 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Ghrelin's role in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis stress response: implications for mood disorders
Abstract
Ghrelin is a stomach hormone normally associated with feeding behavior and energy homeostasis. Recent studies highlight that ghrelin targets the brain to regulate a diverse number of functions, including learning, memory, motivation, stress responses, anxiety, and mood. In this review, we discuss recent animal and human studies showing that ghrelin regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and affects anxiety and mood disorders, such as depression and fear. We address the neural sites of action through which ghrelin regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and associated stress-induced behaviors, including the centrally projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus, the hippocampus, amygdala, locus coeruleus, and the ventral tegmental area. Stressors modulate many behaviors associated with motivation, fear, anxiety, depression, and appetite; therefore, we assess the potential role for ghrelin as a stress feedback signal that regulates these associated behaviors. Finally, we briefly discuss important areas for future research that will help us move closer to potential ghrelin-based therapies to treat stress responses and related disorders.
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In the citing paper
“However, different stressors, such as social defeat and restraint stress in rodents, can increase long-term ghrelin levels in the stomach [309][310][311].”
From Anxiety, depression, and the microbiome: A role for gut peptides (2018) · cites this paper as [311]
In the citing paper
“Mice lacking endogenous ghrelin have a dampened circulating glucocorticoid response following an acute stressor due a deficit in the PVN response needed to stimulate ACTH from the pituitary [295,311].”
From Anxiety, depression, and the microbiome: A role for gut peptides (2018) · cites this paper as [311]
Citations
Cites
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Synaptic plasticity and depression: new insights from stress and rapid-acting antidepressants
Duman, R. S., Aghajanian, G. K., Sanacora, G., & Krystal, J. H. (2016) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.4050 · Cited by 1,750
Müller, T. D., Nogueiras, R., Andermann, M. L., Andrews, Z. B., Anker, S. D., Argente, J., Batterham, R. L., Benoit, S. C., Bowers, C. Y., Broglio, F., et al. (2015) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2015.03.005 · Cited by 1,034
Anxiety, depression, and the microbiome: A role for gut peptides
Lach, G., Schellekens, H., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2018) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-017-0585-0 · Cited by 573
Posttraumatic stress disorder: A metabolic disorder in disguise?
Michopoulos, V., Vester, A., & Neigh, G. (2016) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.05.038 · Cited by 152
Farokhnia, M., Grodin, E. N., Lee, M. R., Oot, E. N., Blackburn, A. N., Stangl, B. L., Schwandt, M. L., Farinelli, L. A., Momenan, R., Ramchandani, V. A., et al. (2017) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2017.226 · Cited by 127
Metadata
- Authors
- Spencer, S. J., Emmerzaal, T. L., Kozicz, T., & Andrews, Z. B.
- Affiliations
- RMIT University (AU)
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- Monash University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Andrews, Zane B.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-07
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 19-27
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1999468851
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 119
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8
- FWCI
- 1.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian Research Council (ARC) (DP130100508)
- NHMRC (APP1011274)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- ghrelin, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, stress response, anxiety, depression, mood disorders, Edinger-Westphal nucleus, hippocampus, amygdala, locus coeruleus, ventral tegmental area, appetite
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Stress, Psychological, Mood Disorders, Feedback, Physiological, Ghrelin
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