The DOI matches its Crossref record; 110 of the 111 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Blunted Ventral Striatum Development in Adolescence Reflects Emotional Neglect and Predicts Depressive Symptoms
Open accessAbstract
Background Emotional neglect is associated with multiple negative outcomes, particularly increased risk for depression. Motivated by increasing evidence of reward-related ventral striatum (VS) dysfunction in depression, we investigated the role of developmental changes in VS activity on the emergence of depressive symptomatology as a function of emotional neglect. Methods We examined relationships between longitudinal neuroimaging of reward-related VS activity, assessments of mood, and measures of emotional neglect in 106 participants first scanned between ages 11 to 15 and then 2 years later. Results We found that greater levels of emotional neglect were associated with blunted development of reward-related VS activity between the first and second assessments (as indexed by lower residualized change scores). Additionally, we found that decreases in this reward-related VS activity were related to greater depressive symptomatology and partially mediated the association between emotional neglect and subsequent depressive symptomatology. Conclusions Our results provide an important demonstration that blunted development of reward-related VS activity as a function of emotional neglect predicts the emergence of depressive symptoms in adolescents. Further, our results are consistent with emerging evidence for the importance of reward-related VS dysfunction in the etiology and pathophysiology of depression. These results are a first step toward developing the ability to predict, prevent, and treat stress-related psychopathology through the targeting of specific neural phenotypes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, maltreatment-associated reduced striatal function is associated with adverse outcomes including disrupted attachment (Takiguchi et al., 2015) and depression (Hanson et al., 2015).”
From The effects of psychosocial stress on dopaminergic function and the acute stress response (2019) · cites this paper as Hanson et al., 2015
In the citing paper
“Our finding of reduced activation in the ventral striatum is largely consistent with previous reports, suggesting decreased striatal activity during reward anticipation in adults and adolescents with a history of childhood adversity.36–39”
From Ventral striatum dysfunction in children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder: functional MRI study (2015) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Whereas ventral striatal activity during reward processing was previously associated with depressive symptoms in maltreated adolescents,39”
From Ventral striatum dysfunction in children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder: functional MRI study (2015) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Specifically, two notable neuroimaging studies directly assessing reward system deficits during adolescence observed reduced activity to reward cues in the ventral striatum among Romanian adolescent adoptees who had experienced early global deprivation,36 and individuals who had experienced emotional neglect in early childhood.39”
From Ventral striatum dysfunction in children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder: functional MRI study (2015) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“In two studies by the same group, ELS was associated with decreased ventral striatal activity to positive feedback (Hanson et al, 2015; Hanson et al, 2016).”
From The effects of early life stress on reward processing (2018) · cites this paper as Hanson et al, 2015
In the citing paper
“Behavioral and neurobiological studies indicate that ELA leads to blunted reward responsivity (i.e. lower neural response to reward in reward-processing brain regions such as the ventral striatum (VS)), an effect that persists across the lifespan.67–70”
From Early life adversity and health-risk behaviors: Proposed psychological and neural mechanisms (2018) · cites this paper as [69]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593 · Cited by 20,391
KAUFMAN, J., BIRMAHER, B., BRENT, D., RAO, U., FLYNN, C., MORECI, P., WILLIAMSON, D., & RYAN, N. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199707000-00021 · Cited by 10,148
Self-citationThe Lifelong Effects of Early Childhood Adversity and Toxic Stress
Shonkoff, J. P., Garner, A. S., THE COMMITTEE ON PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF CHILD AND FAMILY HEALTH, C. O. E. C., Siegel, B. S., Dobbins, M. I., Earls, M. F., Garner, A. S., McGuinn, L., Pascoe, J., & Wood, D. L. (2012) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2011-2663 · Cited by 5,164
Prevalence and development of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence
Costello, E. J., Mustillo, S., Erkanli, A., Keeler, G., & Angold, A. (2003) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.837 · Cited by 4,035
Large-scale automated synthesis of human functional neuroimaging data.
Yarkoni, T., Poldrack, R. A., Nichols, T. E., Van Essen, D. C., & Wager, T. D. (2011) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.1635 · Cited by 3,686
Norman, R. E., Byambaa, M., De, R., Butchart, A., Scott, J., & Vos, T. (2012) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001349 · Cited by 3,387
BIRMAHER, B., KHETARPAL, S., BRENT, D., CULLY, M., BALACH, L., KAUFMAN, J., & NEER, S. M. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199704000-00018 · Cited by 2,846
Causal Relationship Between Stressful Life Events and the Onset of Major Depression
Kendler, K. S., Karkowski, L. M., & Prescott, C. A. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.6.837 · Cited by 2,566
Hankin, B. L., Abramson, L. Y., Moffitt, T. E., Silva, P. A., McGee, R., & Angell, K. E. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.107.1.128 · Cited by 2,333
Region of interest analysis using an SPM toolbox
Brett, M. (2002) · NeuroImage · Cited by 2,273
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–338 of 338
Kleshchova, O., Grinband, J., & Weierich, M. R. (2023) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579423000676
Anabiso, C. K. C., Ratunil, A. F. E. R., & Sarno, J. M. D. (2023) · International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) · doi:10.5604/01.3001.0053.9016
Xu, W., Luo, S., Yu, Q., Cheng, Z., Wang, Y., & Zeng, M. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4791411
Numan, M. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190848675.002.0006
Numan, M. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190848675.002.0003
Abbreviations Used for Major Brain Regions
Numan, M. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190848675.002.0007
Numan, M. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190848675.002.0004
Environmental determinates of psychopathology and brain structure/function
Jeong, H. J., & Kaczkurkin, A. N. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820480-1.00164-9
Neural Correlates of Resilience to Trauma During Adolescence: A Multi-Modal StudyPreprint
Zhang, L., Cropley, V., Rakesh, D., & Whittle, S. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/2vd4e
Kahhalé, I., Barry, K. R., Ong, D. C., Zaki, J., & Hanson, J. L. (2024) · Affective Science · doi:10.1007/s42761-024-00280-y
Self-citationLi, Y. (2025) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2025.151053
Trauma and anxiety interactions relate to reward processing in adolescents
Duran, A. N., Yang, R., Gredvig, M., & Wiggins, J. L. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.03.076
Lei, D., Zhu, T., Huang, Y., Li, X., Liu, M., Zhang, J., Yan, T., Yang, Y., Wang, W., Hu, L., et al. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6259115/v1
Consummatory deficits in close social reward predict inflammation-induced depressed mood
Boyle, C. C., Rahal, D., Meinert, J. C., Ko, V., Olmstead, R., Eisenberger, N. I., & Irwin, M. R. (2025) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2025.107673
Neural correlates of resilience to trauma during adolescence: A multi‐modal study
Zhang, L., Cropley, V., Rakesh, D., & Whittle, S. (2025) · JCPP Advances · doi:10.1002/jcv2.70066
Power Spectral Slope as a Novel Brain Functional Marker for Major Depressive Disorder
Zhou, H., Qiao, K., Zhou, J., Zhu, X., Yang, Z., Wang, G., Wang, Y., & Zang, Z. (2025) · Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science · doi:10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100623
Nie, H., Liu, M., & Wu, X. (2025) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/08862605251396893
Mersky, J. P., Lee, C. P., Segal, R. S., & Cleek, E. A. (2026) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/10775595251415194 · Cited by 1
Stress resilience: a predictor of social independence
Chu, K. A., Metts, A. V., Zinbarg, R. E., Nusslock, R., Du, H., Young, K., & Craske, M. G. (2026) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2026.2615342
Neurobiological programming of hedonic eating behavior
de Lima, R. M. S., Silveira, P. P., Dalmaz, C., Ospina, Á. M. J., & Krolow, R. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-33841-0.00010-5
Spaulding, I. G., Stein, M. B., & Taylor, C. T. (2026) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-026-03881-2
Fitri, R., Wimbarti, S., & Handayani, N. (2026) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2026.104945
Gao, Y., Ren, Y., & Cao, C. (2026) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.03.046
Scars of Our Minds: The Neuropsychiatry of Childhood Trauma
Lennon, M. J., Lauterbach, M. D., & Eapen, V. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-10099-3_10
Huang, Y., Xu, H., Zhang, W., Jin, J., Li, Y., & Yan, C. (2026) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2026.101736
Li, C.-H., Qian, J., Qian, J.-Z., Wang, X.-H., & Zhang, Q. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1837385
Flores, G. D., Damon, Z. F., Ford, M., Gancz, N. N., Savoca, P. W., Esfand, S. M., Chu, K. A., Querdasi, F. R., McCann, C. F., Westman, J. G., et al. (2026) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101275
Cognitive and affective neurodevelopment in youth exposed to deprivation and threatPreprint
Kardan, O., Angstadt, M., Molloy, M. F., Trucco, E. M., Heitzeg, M. M., & McCurry, K. L. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.06.25.734615
D’Onofrio, A. M., Calia, R., Pesaresi, F., Moccia, L., Simonetti, A., Pettorruso, M., Martinotti, G., Sani, G., & Camardese, G. (2026) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.108219
Matovic, S., Laporte, N., Booij, L., & Gouin, J. (2026) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/pere.70078 · Cited by 1
Early life adversity disrupts adult social reward motivationPreprint
Stricklin, M. C., Nyakoa, J. E., Mesape, K. M., Bhat, M. S., Rolle, S. S., Bangasser, D. A., & Cuarenta, A. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.07.21.739864
Kjær, R. T., Jørgensen, M. B., & Jensen, K. H. R. (2026) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.70112
Recognizing emotional neglect in early childhood settings: A mixed-methods study
Pretsch, J., Gelhausen, A., & Gerstenberg, F. X. R. (2026) · Journal of Family Trauma Child Custody & Child Development · doi:10.1080/26904586.2026.2730400
The Impact of Adversity and Maternal Depression on Neural Reward Responsivity in Young Children
Granros, M., Engstrom, A., Feurer, C., Sheena, M. K., Kujawa, A., Suor, J. H., & Burkhouse, K. L. (2026) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.09.009
Effects of parental stress-buffering on multiple measures of positive valence systems functioning
Zhou, Z., Sejourne, C., Panier, L. Y. X., Allison, G. O., Argiros, A. P., & Weinberg, A. (2026) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579426101862
Ρυακιωτάκης, Ε., Fousfouka, D., & Stamatakis, A. (2026) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2026.10.003
A Bibliometric Study on Childhood Emotional Neglect and Abuse
Pekince, P., Kanak, M., & Avcı, N. (2026) · Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry · doi:10.18863/pgy.1997364
Metadata
- Authors
- Hanson, J. L., Hariri, A. R., & Williamson, D. E.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hanson, Jamie L.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-11
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 598-605
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4593720
- OpenAlex
- W1854033343
- Cited by
- 338
- References
- 111
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 13.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA016274)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA033369, R01DA031579)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH087493)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse through the Center for the Study of Adolescent Risk and Resilience (P30DA023026)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Keywords
- ventral striatum, emotional neglect, depressive symptoms, adolescence, reward processing, neural development, depression risk, mediation, stress-related psychopathology, neural phenotypes
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Psychology, Adolescent, Brain Mapping, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Child, Child Abuse, Depression, Emotions, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Oxygen, Prognosis, Reward, Adolescent Development, Ventral Striatum
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
