Comparison of the Perceived Stress Reactivity Scale with physiological and self-reported stress responses during ecological momentary assessment and during participation in a virtual reality version of the Trier Social Stress Test
Open accessAbstract
Valid approaches to conveniently measure stress reactivity are needed due to the growing evidence of its health-impairing effects. This study examined whether the Perceived Stress Reactivity Scale (PSRS) predicts cardiovascular and psychological responses to psychosocial stressors during daily life and during a virtual reality (VR) Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Medical students answered a standardized baseline questionnaire to assess perceived stress reactivity by the PSRS. The PSRS asks participants to rate the intensity of their typical affective responses to common stressors during daily life. They were further asked to participate in a VR-TSST and in an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) over a period of three consecutive workdays during daily life. Blood pressure and self-reported stress were repeatedly, heart rate variability (HRV) continuously measured during the VR-TSST and EMA. Furthermore, participants repeatedly assessed task demands, task control and social conflict during the EMA. Data was analysed using multilevel analysis and multiple linear regression. Results indicate that the PSRS moderates associations between blood pressure (but not HRV) and demands and control during daily life. Furthermore, the PSRS directly predicted self-reported stress, but did not moderate associations between self-reported stress and demands, control and social conflict. The PSRS did not predict physiological and self-reported stress responses to the VR-TSST. This study partly confirmed convergent validity of the PSRS to stress reactivity in daily life. Furthermore, the lack of association between the PSRS and stress responses to the VR-TSST calls for future studies to search for reliable and valid ways to assess stress reactivity.
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AAQ2, CD-RISC 10, and PSRS have good validity and reliability for measuring psychological flexibility, resilience, and stress reactivity.
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- Authors
- Weber, J., Heming, M., Apolinário-Hagen, J., Liszio, S., & Angerer, P.
- Affiliations
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (DE)
- Essen University Hospital (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Weber, Jeannette
- Venue
- Biological Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-02
- Volume
- 186
- Pages
- 108762
- ISSN
- 0301-0511 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4391474458
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3
- FWCI
- 4.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biological Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Univ. Duesseldorf: Duesseldorfer Dokumenten- und Publikationsserver (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- stress reactivity, psychosocial stress, Trier Social Stress Test, virtual reality, ecological momentary assessment, blood pressure, heart rate variability, self-reported stress, social conflict, convergent validity, medical students
- MeSH terms
- Ecological Momentary Assessment, Virtual Reality, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Psychological Tests, Stress, Psychological, Self Report
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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