Characterization of cadmium removal from aqueous solution by biochar produced from a giant Miscanthus at different pyrolytic temperatures
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of biochar for removing Cd from aqueous solution. Biochars were produced from a Miscanthus sacchariflorus via slow pyrolysis at 300, 400, 500 and 600°C. Higher pyrolytic temperature resulted in biochar with a higher aromatic structure and fewer polar functional groups. In particular, pH and surface area of biochar increased greatly at pyrolytic temperatures ≥ 500°C, which increased Cd sorption capacity up to 13.24 mgg(-1). The diffuse-controlled Cd removal was likely due to a surface sorption or a precipitation reaction depending on pH. A simulation with the visual MINTEQ program indicated that the precipitate was Cd(OH)2. In addition, biochar treatment significantly removed the acute toxicity of Cd toward Daphnia magna, resulting in increase of EC50 (50% effective concentration) value from 0.16 to 0.76 mgL(-1).
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Higher pyrolysis temperature results in higher carbon content while losing nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen contents of biochar structure with increase in the ash content and a reduction of volatile materials.
“Higher temperature results in higher carbon content while losing nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen contents of biochar structure (Brassard et al., 2017) with increase in the ash content and a reduction of volatile materials (Imam and Capareda, 2012; Kim W. K. et al., 2013; Budai et al., 2014; Zambon et al., 2016; Zhao et al., 2017).”
From Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on PhysicoChemical Properties and Acoustic-Based Amination of Biochar for Efficient CO2 Adsorption (2020) · cites this paper as Kim W. K. et al., 2013
The enhancement of surface area and pore volumes was caused by the degradation of the organic materials (hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin) and the formation of vascular bundles or channel structures during pyrolysis.
“The enhancement of surface area and pore volumes was caused by the degradation of the organic materials (hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin) and the formation of vascular bundles or channel structures during pyrolysis (Kim W. K. et al., 2013; Li et al., 2013).”
From Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on PhysicoChemical Properties and Acoustic-Based Amination of Biochar for Efficient CO2 Adsorption (2020) · cites this paper as Kim W. K. et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Kim, W.-K., Shim, T., Kim, Y.-S., Hyun, S., Ryu, C., Park, Y.-K., & Jung, J.
- Affiliations
- Korea University (KR)
- Sungkyunkwan University (KR)
- University of Seoul (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Jung, Jinho
- Venue
- Bioresource Technology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-06
- Volume
- 138
- Pages
- 266-270
- ISSN
- 0960-8524 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2043777466
- Cited by
- 366
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 14.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Bioresource Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development of the Rural Development Administration
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Heavy Metal Pollution Remediation
- Keywords
- cadmium removal, biochar, Miscanthus sacchariflorus, pyrolysis temperature, heavy metal adsorption, aqueous solutions, Daphnia magna toxicity, EC50, surface area, aromatic structure
- MeSH terms
- Adsorption, Animals, Biodegradation, Environmental, Cadmium, Charcoal, Daphnia, Poaceae, Hot Temperature, Kinetics, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Toxicity Tests, Acute
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