Anaerobic digestion of microalgal biomass: Challenges, opportunities and research needs
Abstract
Integration of anaerobic digestion (AD) with microalgae processes has become a key topic to support economic and environmental development of this resource. Compared with other substrates, microalgae can be produced close to the plant without the need for arable lands and be fully integrated within a biorefinery. As a limiting step, anaerobic hydrolysis appears to be one of the most challenging steps to reach a positive economic balance and to completely exploit the potential of microalgae for biogas and fertilizers production. This review covers recent investigations dealing with microalgae AD and highlights research opportunities and needs to support the development of this resource. Novel approaches to increase hydrolysis rate, the importance of the reactor design and the noteworthiness of the microbial anaerobic community are addressed. Finally, the integration of AD with microalgae processes and the potential of the carboxylate platform for chemicals and biofuels production are reviewed.
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A two-reactor system has already been proven with Spirulina biomass being fed to a methanogenic reactor.
“As will be mentioned in the biofuels section, a two-reactor system has already been proven with Spirulina biomass being fed to a methanogenic reactor.”
Protein-rich diets lead to increased ammonia levels in the culture which inhibit methanogenesis.
“Protein-rich diets lead to increased ammonia levels in the culture which inhibit methanogenesis [68].”
Spirulina fed to a reactor populated by Methanocalculus sp. produced a methane content of 92-96% in its biogas, also using carbon dioxide and formate.
“Spirulina was fed to a reactor populated by Methanocalculus sp. which then also used carbon dioxide and formate to produce a methane content of 92–96% in its biogas [68].”
Bioaugmentation with Methanoculleus bourgensis has been shown to increase methane production by 31.3%, but this concept has not been tested in reactors fed with cyanobacterial biomass.
“If ammonium inhibition cannot be avoided, then bioaugmentation with Methanoculleus bourgensis has also been shown to increase methane production by 31.3%, but this concept has not been tested in reactors fed with cyanobacterial biomass [68].”
Experiments have verified the use of photosynthetic cyanobacteria as food for a methanogenic reactor.
“However, experiments have been done that verify the use of photosynthetic cyanobacteria as food for a methanogenic reactor.”
The tradeoff experienced was that high relative production of methane was met with low overall biogas production.
“The tradeoff experienced was that this high relative production of methane was met with low overall biogas production.”
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- Authors
- Gonzalez-Fernandez, C., Sialve, B., & Molinuevo-Salces, B.
- Affiliations
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (FR)
- IMDEA Energy Institute (ES)
- Venue
- Bioresource Technology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-12
- Volume
- 198
- Pages
- 896-906
- ISSN
- 0960-8524 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1883394999
- Cited by
- 189
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 2.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Bioresource Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Keywords
- anaerobic digestion, microalgae, microalgal biomass, anaerobic hydrolysis, biogas production, reactor design, microbial communities, biorefinery, carboxylate platform, biofuels, fertilizers
- MeSH terms
- Anaerobiosis, Hydrolysis, Biomass, Biofuels, Microalgae
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