Transformation of functional groups and environmentally persistent free radicals in hydrothermal carbonisation of lignin
Abstract
In this study, lignin was selected as the main component of waste biomass to synthesise carbonaceous adsorbents with environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) through hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) under different conditions. The HTC method with Fe(III) doping was superior for promoting dehydration and decarboxylation of lignin hydrochar than that with HTC Cu(II) doping. The deconstruction of oxygen-containing groups of lignin was reduced while esterification was enhanced by Fe(III). The Fe(III) addition was conducive to the formation of EPFRs as carbon-centred radicals with an adjacent oxygen atom and oxygen-centred radicals. A comparison of lignin with cellulose and d-xylose suggests that the formed EPFRs on lignin hydrochar were derived from their phenolic hydroxyl groups. A high removal efficiency of bisphenol A by lignin hydrochar was observed owing to oxygen-centred radicals, which activated H 2 O 2 to produce OH. These results will facilitate the design and application of novel hydrochar materials with EPFRs.
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Formation of EPFRs during hydrothermal process is time-dependent, and density decreases with increase of residence time.
“The formation of EPFRs during hydrothermal process was also time-dependent, and the density decreases with the increase of residence time.”
From Sustainable remediation with an electroactive biochar system: mechanisms and perspectives (2020) · cites this paper as [87]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Ruan, X., Liu, Y., Wang, G., Frost, R. L., Qian, G., & Tsang, D. C. W.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai University (CN)
- Queensland University of Technology (AU)
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- Corresponding author
- Tsang, Daniel C.W.
- Venue
- Bioresource Technology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-12
- Volume
- 270
- Pages
- 223-229
- ISSN
- 0960-8524 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2892154289
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 2.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Bioresource Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (20907029, 21577085)
- Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission (14ZR1415600, 10YZ07)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lignin and Wood Chemistry
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Advanced oxidation water treatment
- Keywords
- environmentally persistent free radicals, hydrothermal carbonization, lignin, hydrochar, Fe3+ doping, oxygen-containing functional groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups, bisphenol A removal, carbon-centered radicals, oxygen-centred radicals, biomass waste, carbon adsorbents
- MeSH terms
- Carbon, Cellulose, Ferric Compounds, Free Radicals, Hydrogen Peroxide, Lignin, Oxygen, Reactive Oxygen Species, Biomass
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