CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 242Epilepsy research and treatmentAutism Spectrum Disorder ResearchChild Nutrition and Feeding Issues

Autism and epilepsy: A retrospective follow-up study

Hara, Hitoshi·2007·Brain and Development
DOI 10.1016/j.braindev.2006.12.012
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

So-called "idiopathic" autism, which exhibited no major complications before diagnosis is well-known as one of the risk factors for epilepsy. This retrospective follow-up study aimed to clarify the characteristics of epilepsy in the autism; onset of seizure, seizure types, EEG findings and epilepsy outcome and the differences as a group between the autism with epilepsy and those without epilepsy. One hundred thirty individuals with autistic disorder or atypical autism diagnosed in childhood were followed up over 10 years and were evaluated almost every year up to 18-35 years of age. Their medical records related to perinatal conditions, IQ, social maturity scores and several factors of epilepsy were reviewed in October 2005. Thirty-three of the follow-up group (25%) exhibited epileptic seizures. The onset of epilepsy was distributed from 8 to 26 years of age. Two types of seizure were observed; partial seizure with secondarily generalized seizure and generalized seizure. Twenty of the epileptics (61%) showed the partial seizure. Although 18% of the non-epileptic group exhibited epileptic discharges on EEG, 68% of the epileptic group revealed epileptiform EEG findings before the onset of epilepsy. No differences were observed concerning the sex ratio, autistic disorder/atypical autism and past history of febrile seizures between the epileptic and non-epileptic groups. Lower IQ, lower social maturity score and higher frequency of prescribed psychotropics were observed in the epileptic group compared to the non-epileptics. Idiopathic autism was confirmed as the high risk factor for epilepsy. Epileptiform EEG findings predict subsequent onset of epileptic seizures in adolescence. Epilepsy is one of negative factors on cognitive, adaptive and behavioral/emotional outcomes for individuals with autism.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.braindev.2006.12.012

Cites

12 of 12 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The prevalence of epilepsy in autism spectrum disorder doubles in adolescence (26%) compared to childhood (12%).

    “with the prevalence of epilepsy in ASD doubling in adolescence (26%) compared to childhood (12%) (Hara, 2007; Woolfenden et al., 2012; Sharma et al., 2021).”

    From Tauopathy and Epilepsy Comorbidities and Underlying Mechanisms (2022) · cites this paper as Hara, 2007

  • According to retrospective follow-up studies, 25% of individuals with autism exhibited epileptic seizures.

    “According to retrospective follow up studies, 37% and 25% of the individuals with autism exhibited epilepsy and epileptic seizures, respectively [191,192].”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [192]

  • According to retrospective follow-up studies, 37% of individuals with autism exhibited epilepsy.

    “According to retrospective follow up studies, 37% and 25% of the individuals with autism exhibited epilepsy and epileptic seizures, respectively [191,192].”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [192]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Hara, H.
Affiliations
Kanagawa Children's Medical Center (JP)
Corresponding author
Hara, Hitoshi
Venue
Brain and Development
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-09
Volume
29
Issue
8
Pages
486-490
ISSN
0387-7604 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.braindev.2006.12.012
OpenAlex
W2038869071
Cited by
242
References
12
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 14
FWCI
7.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Brain and Development (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Epilepsy research and treatment
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, idiopathic autism, seizure onset, focal seizures, generalized seizures, epileptiform EEG, EEG abnormalities, intellectual disability, social maturity, psychotropic drugs, atypical autism, childhood autism
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child, Preschool, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Male, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Age of Onset

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review