Tract-based analysis of target engagement by subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation for treatment resistant depression
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of subcallosal cingulate cortex (SCC) is a promising investigational therapy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, outcomes vary, likely due to suboptimal DBS placement. Ideal placement is proposed to stimulate 4 SCC white matter bundles; however, no quantitative data have linked activation of these target tracts to response. OBJECTIVE: Here we used the volume of tissue activated (VTA) and probabilistic diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to quantify tract activation relating to response. METHODS: DTI was performed in 19 TRD patients who received SCC-DBS. We defined clinical response as >48% reduction from baseline in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Bilateral VTAs were generated based on subject-specific stimulation parameters. Patient-specific tract maps emanating from the VTAs were calculated using whole-brain probabilistic DTI. The four target tracts were isolated using tract-specific quantification and examined for overlap with DBS activated tissue. RESULTS: Medial frontal and temporal projections were stimulated in all responders at 6 and 12 months. Individual tract-based generalized linear mixed model analysis revealed a significant tract-by-response interaction at both 6 (F(1,135) = 3.828, p = 0.001) and 12 (F(1,135) = 5.688, p < 0.001) months, with post hoc tests revealing a response-related increase in cingulum activation at 6 months (t(135) = 2.418, p = 0.017) and decrease in forceps minor activation at 12 months (t(135) = -2.802, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: A wider profile of white matter tracts, particularly to the medial frontal, was associated with DBS response. Cingulum bundle stimulation may promote early response and excess stimulation of the forceps minor might be detrimental. Our work supports prospective patient-specific targeting to inform personalized DBS.
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In a subsequent retrospective analysis of an independent cohort of 19 treatment-resistant depression patients, only activation of the cingulum correlated with response at 6 months, while activation of the forceps minor negatively correlated to response.
“In this group of patients with a lower response rate than the original study (RS: 47.4% vs 81.9%),only activation of one of the four bundles, the cingulum, correlated with response at 6 months, while activation of the forceps minor negatively correlated to response.”
From Deep brain stimulation for depression. (2022) · cites this paper as [30]
In one SCC DBS study, only activation of the cingulum correlated with response, though only half of participants were responders and inclusion of other fibers was unclear.
“In one study of SCC DBS only activation of the cingulum correlated with response though only half of this trial's participants were responders and it is unclear to what extent the forceps minor, uncinate fasciculus or subcortical fibers were fully included in the surgical target [30].”
From Deep brain stimulation for depression. (2022) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Clark, D. L., Johnson, K. A., Butson, C. R., Lebel, C., Gobbi, D., Ramasubbu, R., & Kiss, Z. H. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Calgary (CA)
- University of Utah (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kiss, Zelma H.T.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Brain stimulation
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-07
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1094-1101
- ISSN
- 1876-4754 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-861X
- OpenAlex
- W3010852673
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 2.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Brain stimulation (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Keywords
- deep brain stimulation, treatment-resistant depression, cingulum, forceps minor, volume of tissue activated, treatment response prediction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Corpus Callosum, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Neurological, Deep Brain Stimulation, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Connectome, White Matter, Patient-Specific Modeling
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