Cited by 136DNA Repair MechanismsCarcinogens and Genotoxicity AssessmentDNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry

Pathways for repairing and tolerating the spectrum of oxidative DNA lesions

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Berquist, Brian R., Wilson, David M.·2012·Cancer Letters

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) arise from both endogenous and exogenous sources. These reactive molecules possess the ability to damage both the DNA nucleobases and the sugar phosphate backbone, leading to a wide spectrum of lesions, including non-bulky (8-oxoguanine and formamidopyrimidine) and bulky (cyclopurine and etheno adducts) base modifications, abasic sites, non-conventional single-strand breaks, protein-DNA adducts, and intra/interstrand DNA crosslinks. Unrepaired oxidative DNA damage can result in bypass mutagenesis during genome copying or gene expression, or blockage of the essential cellular processes of DNA replication or transcription. Such outcomes underlie numerous pathologies, including, but not limited to, carcinogenesis and neurodegeneration, as well as the aging process. Cells have adapted and evolved defense systems against the deleterious effects of ROS, and specifically devote a number of cellular DNA repair and tolerance pathways to combat oxidative DNA damage. Defects in these protective pathways trigger hereditary human diseases that exhibit increased cancer incidence, developmental defects, neurological abnormalities, and/or premature aging. We review herein classic and atypical oxidative DNA lesions, outcomes of encountering these damages during DNA replication and transcription, and the consequences of losing the ability to repair the different forms of oxidative DNA damage. We particularly focus on the hereditary human diseases Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Cockayne Syndrome and Fanconi Anemia, which may involve defects in the efficient repair of oxidative modifications to chromosomal DNA.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.02.001

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Authors
Berquist, B. R., & Wilson, D. M.
Affiliations
  • Texas A&M Health Science Center (US)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author
Wilson, David M.
Venue
Cancer Letters
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2012-12
Volume
327
Issue
1-2
Pages
61-72
ISSN
0304-3835 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2149489809
Cited by
136
References
165
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 4
FWCI
1.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cancer Letters (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Aging (ZIAAG000743)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
Keywords
oxidative DNA damage, DNA repair, reactive oxygen species, 8-oxoguanine, OGG1, abasic sites, DNA cross-links, DNA replication, transcription, xeroderma pigmentosum, Cockayne syndrome, Fanconi anemia, carcinogenesis, aging, neurodegeneration
MeSH terms
Animals, Cockayne Syndrome, DNA Damage, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, DNA Repair, DNA Replication, Fanconi Anemia, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases, Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Mutagenesis, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Heredity

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