Cited by 182Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsMultiple Sclerosis Research StudiesZebrafish Biomedical Research Applications

Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor (CSF1R) Regulates Microglia Density and Distribution, but Not Microglia Differentiation In Vivo

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Oosterhof, Nynke, Kuil, Laura E., van der Linde, Herma C., Burm, Saskia M., Berdowski, Woutje, van Ijcken, Wilfred F.J., van Swieten, John C., Hol, Elly M. +2 more·2018·Cell Reports

Abstract

Microglia are brain-resident macrophages with trophic and phagocytic functions. Dominant loss-of-function mutations in a key microglia regulator, colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), cause adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP), a progressive white matter disorder. Because it remains unclear precisely how CSF1R mutations affect microglia, we generated an allelic series of csf1r mutants in zebrafish to identify csf1r-dependent microglia changes. We found that csf1r mutations led to aberrant microglia density and distribution and regional loss of microglia. The remaining microglia still had a microglia-specific gene expression signature, indicating that they had differentiated normally. Strikingly, we also observed lower microglia numbers and widespread microglia depletion in postmortem brain tissue of ALSP patients. Both in zebrafish and in human disease, local microglia loss also presented in regions without obvious pathology. Together, this implies that CSF1R mainly regulates microglia density and that early loss of microglia may contribute to ALSP pathogenesis.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.113

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  • Csf1r is required for development, maintenance, and proliferation of microglia.

    “The colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (Csf1r) is required for the development, maintenance, and proliferation of microglia”

    From Microglia specific deletion of miR-155 in Alzheimer’s disease mouse models reduces amyloid-β pathology but causes hyperexcitability and seizures (2023) · cites this paper as [51]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) reports that Csf1r loss in mice produces an almost complete absence of microglia and describes a homeostatic role in microglial viability and proliferation. This supports a role in development and maintenance, but “required” for proliferation is too absolute: the Discussion (page unavailable) says that loss of three csf1r alleles did not severely impede microglia’s proliferative response to dying neurons. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Dysregulation of CSF1R/IL-34 signaling contributes to changes in density and distribution of microglia populations in mouse brain.

    “dysregulation of CSF1R/IL-34 signaling contributes to changes in density and distribution of microglia populations in the mouse brain [51].”

    From Microglia specific deletion of miR-155 in Alzheimer’s disease mouse models reduces amyloid-β pathology but causes hyperexcitability and seizures (2023) · cites this paper as [51]

    The Discussion reports reduced microglia density and altered distribution with CSF1R haploinsufficiency in zebrafish and humans. It also notes regional differences in microglia numbers in mutant mice, but says it is unclear whether density falls elsewhere in the mouse brain. The Introduction identifies IL-34 as a CSF1R ligand; the cited findings do not establish that dysregulation of IL-34 signaling causes the stated changes in mice. Page numbers were not provided for these passages. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • CSF1R regulates microglial density and distribution in zebrafish.

    “It has recently been reported that CSF1R regulates microglial density and distribution in zebrafish [37], supporting our finding of altered microglial distribution in CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy.”

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Authors
Oosterhof, N., Kuil, L. E., van der Linde, H. C., Burm, S. M., Berdowski, W., van Ijcken, W. F. J., van Swieten, J. C., Hol, E. M., Verheijen, M. H. G., & van Ham, T. J.
Affiliations
  • Erasmus MC (NL)
  • Utrecht University (NL)
  • Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NL)
  • Amsterdam Neuroscience (NL)
Venue
Cell Reports
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-07
Volume
24
Issue
5
Pages
1203-1217.e6
ISSN
2211-1247 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2886114630
Cited by
178
References
80
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 2
FWCI
7.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • KNAW Research Portal (The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • KNAW research portal (Royal Academy of Art and Sciences (KNAW)) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • ZonMw
  • Marie Curie (322368, WE.15-2012-01)
  • Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam (016.136.150)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
Keywords
CSF1R, microglia, adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia, ALSP, microglial density, microglial differentiation, microglial depletion, white matter disease, CSF1R mutation
MeSH terms
Animals, Cell Differentiation, Humans, Mutation, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Zebrafish, Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Microglia, Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Zebrafish Proteins, Leukoencephalopathies

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