A central alarm system that gates multi-sensory innate threat cues to the amygdala
Open accessAbstract
Perception of threats is essential for survival. Previous findings suggest that parallel pathways independently relay innate threat signals from different sensory modalities to multiple brain areas, such as the midbrain and hypothalamus, for immediate avoidance. Yet little is known about whether and how multi-sensory innate threat cues are integrated and conveyed from each sensory modality to the amygdala, a critical brain area for threat perception and learning. Here, we report that neurons expressing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the parvocellular subparafascicular nucleus in the thalamus and external lateral parabrachial nucleus in the brainstem respond to multi-sensory threat cues from various sensory modalities and relay negative valence to the lateral and central amygdala, respectively. Both CGRP populations and their amygdala projections are required for multi-sensory threat perception and aversive memory formation. The identification of unified innate threat pathways may provide insights into developing therapeutic candidates for innate fear-related disorders.
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A recent study in mice identified a population of SPFp neurons expressing CGRP that respond to multi-sensory threat stimuli and project to the lateral amygdala to regulate fear memory.
“A recent study conducted in mice focused on the subparafascicular nucleus (SPFp), which shares neuroanatomical borders with the PIL, and identified a population of SPFp neurons that express calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). This study revealed that CGRP expressing neurons respond to multi-sensory threat stimuli and project to the lateral amygdala to regulate fear memory (26).”
From Social Interaction Elicits Activity in Glutamatergic Neurons in the Posterior Intralaminar Complex of the Thalamus (2024) · cites this paper as [26]
No statistical power estimation analyses were used to predetermine sample sizes; sample sizes were chosen to match previous publications.
“No statistical power estimation analyses were used to predetermine sample sizes, which instead were chosen to match previous publications (2, 11, 26-28).”
From Social Interaction Elicits Activity in Glutamatergic Neurons in the Posterior Intralaminar Complex of the Thalamus (2024) · cites this paper as [26]
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Self-citationParabrachial Calca neurons mediate second-order conditioning
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Amygdalostriatal transition zone neurons encode sustained cue responses to guide defensive behaviors
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Self-citationThalamic CGRP neurons define a spinothalamic pathway for affective pain
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Parabrachial nucleus neuron circuits that control feeding behavior and energy balance
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A subpopulation of projections from the parabrachial nucleus to the central amygdala mediates itch
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Gustatory thalamic neurons mediate aversive behaviors
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Self-citationSerotonin circuits act cooperatively with pathophysiology of opioid use disorder
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The parabrachial to central amygdala circuit is a key mediator of injury-induced pain sensitizationPreprint
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Neural signatures of stress susceptibility and resilience in the amygdala-hippocampal networkPreprint
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Parabrachial Calca Neurons Influence Aversive and Appetitive Taste Function
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The parasubthalamic nucleus: A novel eating center in the brain
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- Authors
- Kang, S. J., Liu, S., Ye, M., Kim, D.-I., Pao, G. M., Copits, B. A., Roberts, B. Z., Lee, K.-F., Bruchas, M. R., & Han, S.
- Affiliations
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Han, Sung
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Reports
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-08
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 111222
- ISSN
- 2211-1247 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9420642
- OpenAlex
- W4292184182
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 8.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (1R01MH111520, 1R01MH116203, R01MH112355)
- Mary K. Chapman Foundation
- Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative (388708)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Keywords
- amygdala, calcitonin gene-related peptide, parabrachial nucleus, thalamus, lateral amygdala, central amygdala, aversive memory, threat avoidance, sensory integration
- MeSH terms
- Cues, Thalamus, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide, Parabrachial Nucleus, Central Amygdaloid Nucleus
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