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Cited by 64Toxic Organic Pollutants ImpactEffects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicalsPesticide Exposure and Toxicity

Mixtures of persistent organic pollutants are found in vital organs of late gestation human fetuses

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Björvang, Richelle D., Vinnars, Marie-Therese, Papadogiannakis, Nikos, Gidlöf, Sebastian, Mamsen, Linn Salto, Mucs, Daniel, Kiviranta, Hannu, Rantakokko, Panu +4 more·2021·Chemosphere
DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131125
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Abstract

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are industrial chemicals with long half-lives. Early life exposure to POPs has been associated with adverse effects. Fetal exposure is typically estimated based on concentrations in maternal serum or placenta and little is known on the actual fetal exposure. We measured the concentrations of nine organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), ten polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners by gas chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry in maternal serum, placenta, and fetal tissues (adipose tissue, liver, heart, lung and brain) in 20 pregnancies that ended in stillbirth (gestational weeks 36-41). The data were combined with our earlier data on perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the same cohort (Mamsen et al. 2019). HCB, p,p'-DDE, PCB 138 and PCB 153 were quantified in all samples of maternal serum, placenta and fetal tissues. All 22 POPs were detected in all fetal adipose tissue samples, even in cases where they could not be detected in maternal serum or placenta. Tissue:serum ratios were significantly higher in later gestations, male fetuses, and pregnancies with normal placental function. OCPs showed the highest tissue:serum ratios and PFAS the lowest. The highest chemical burden was found in adipose tissue and lowest in the brain. Overall, all studied human fetuses were intrinsically exposed to mixtures of POPs. Tissue:serum ratios were significantly modified by gestational age, fetal sex and placental function. Importantly, more chemicals were detected in fetal tissues compared to maternal serum and placenta, implying that these proxy samples may provide a misleading picture of actual fetal exposures.

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  • Concentrations of persistent EDCs between fetal organs differed by several orders of magnitude.

    “Furthermore, concentrations between fetal organs also differed by several orders of magnitude (Bjorvang et al., 2021).”

    From Pregnancy-related maternal physiological adaptations and fetal chemical exposure (2023) · cites this paper as Bjorvang et al., 2021

    Section 3.3 reports distinct concentration patterns across fetal organs, with the highest tissue-to-serum ratios in adipose tissue and the lowest among fetal organs in the brain. But the reported ranges do not establish that concentrations between fetal organs generally differed by several orders of magnitude. Section 3.6 gives total burdens of 40,000 pg/g in adipose tissue and 1,100 pg/g in brain—about a 36-fold difference. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Concentrations in fetal tissues, normalized to maternal serum or placenta levels, were lower in pregnancies with female fetus, pregnancies with placental insufficiency, and pregnancies that ended earlier.

    “The concentrations in fetal tissues, normalized to maternal serum or placenta levels, were lower in pregnancies with female fetus, pregnancies with placental insufficiency, and pregnancies that ended earlier (Bjorvang et al., 2021).”

    From Pregnancy-related maternal physiological adaptations and fetal chemical exposure (2023) · cites this paper as Bjorvang et al., 2021

    Section 3.5 reports lower fetal tissue:maternal serum ratios with placental insufficiency, higher ratios for several chemicals in male than female fetuses, and positive associations between gestational age and several ratios during weeks 36–41. The comparisons by these three factors used maternal serum ratios, not tissue:placenta ratios, and the findings did not apply to every measured chemical or tissue. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Lipophilic organic pollutants, like organochlorine pesticides and PCB compounds, efficiently crossed the placenta and accumulated in fetal adipose tissue in up to 100-fold higher concentrations compared to placental tissue.

    “We found that in particular the lipophilic organic pollut­ ants, like organochlorine pesticides and PCB compounds, efficiently crossed the placenta and accumulated in fetal adipose tissue in up to 100-fold higher concentrations compared to placental tissue.”

    From Pregnancy-related maternal physiological adaptations and fetal chemical exposure (2023) · cites this paper as Bjorvang et al., 2021

    Section 3.2 reports that the studied chemicals reached fetal tissues from maternal circulation and accumulated especially in adipose tissue. Section 3.3 and the Fig. 3 caption report higher fetal adipose concentrations than placental concentrations, but the text does not establish the claimed upper limit of 100-fold relative to placenta. The numerical range given in section 3.3 is for adipose-to-serum ratios, not adipose-to-placenta ratios. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Most reported studies have focused on persistent chemicals.

    “Most of the reported studies have focused on persistent chemicals, presumably because they are easier to measure in tissue samples (Table 1) (Bjorvang et al., 2021; Mamsen et al., 2017, 2019; Curley et al., 1969; Doucet et al., 2009; Nishimura et al., 1977; Pusiol et al., 2016; Rawn et al., 2014; Schecter et al., 2007; Zavon et al., 1969).”

    From Pregnancy-related maternal physiological adaptations and fetal chemical exposure (2023) · cites this paper as Bjorvang et al., 2021

  • The highest exposures were present in full-term pregnancies with male fetuses and normally functioning placentas.

    “We found that the highest exposures were present in full-term pregnancies with male fe­ tuses and normally functioning placentas (Bjorvang et al., 2021).”

    From Pregnancy-related maternal physiological adaptations and fetal chemical exposure (2023) · cites this paper as Bjorvang et al., 2021

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Authors
Björvang, R. D., Vinnars, M.-T., Papadogiannakis, N., Gidlöf, S., Mamsen, L. S., Mucs, D., Kiviranta, H., Rantakokko, P., Ruokojärvi, P., Lindh, C. H., Andersen, C. Y., & Damdimopoulou, P.
Affiliations
  • Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
  • University of Copenhagen (DK)
  • Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (FI)
  • Lund University (SE)
Corresponding author
Björvang, Richelle D.
ORCID
Venue
Chemosphere
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-11
Volume
283
Pages
131125
ISSN
0045-6535 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131125
OpenAlex
W3172107082
Cited by
64
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 2
FWCI
4.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
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Locations
  • Chemosphere (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DiVA at Umeå University (Umeå University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
  • STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
  • WOS
Funders
  • Jane and Aatos Erkko Fundation
  • Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas (2015\u201300623, 2016-02031, 00623)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
Keywords
persistent organic pollutants, prenatal exposure, organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, perfluorinated compounds, stillbirth, maternal serum, placenta, fetal adipose tissue, gestational age, fetal sex, placental function, hexachlorobenzene, p,p'-DDE, PCB 138, PCB 153
MeSH terms
Persistent Organic Pollutants, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Fetus, Humans, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Male, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Pesticides, Placenta, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Pregnancy, Maternal Exposure

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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