The DOI matches its Crossref record; 97 of the 97 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Hair cortisol analysis: An update on methodological considerations and clinical applications
Abstract
Background Hair cortisol analysis is increasingly being appreciated and applied in both research and medicine, aiding endocrinologists with diagnosis. Content We provide an overview of hair cortisol research in general and an update on methodological considerations including the incorporation of cortisol into hair, hair growth rates, and sampling procedures, mincing vs. grinding of samples during preparation for extraction, various extraction protocols, and quantification techniques. We compare the clinical utility and application of hair cortisol with traditional methods of measurement while acknowledging the limitations of analysis including variations in hair growth parameters. We explore the value of hair cortisol in cases of Cushing syndrome (particularly Cyclical Cushing), Adrenal insufficiency (including Addison's disease), therapy monitoring, cardiovascular disease, stress, and mental illness. Summary Hair cortisol provides a unique objective biomarker for the analysis of endogenous cortisol levels for not only clinical diagnostic purposes but also in research. The use of hair cortisol has great potential for advancing patient care.
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“Depending on the length of the collected hair sample, it is possible to make timelines of past glucocorticoid exposure (64).”
From Approach to the Patient: Diagnosis of Cushing Syndrome (2022) · cites this paper as [64]
Citations
Cites
The diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.
Nieman, L. K., Biller, B. M. K., Findling, J. W., Newell-Price, J., Savage, M. O., Stewart, P. M., & Montori, V. M. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2008-0125 · Cited by 2,718
Lacroix, A., Feelders, R. A., Stratakis, C. A., & Nieman, L. K. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61375-1 · Cited by 1,777
Bornstein, S. R., Allolio, B., Arlt, W., Barthel, A., Don-Wauchope, A., Hammer, G. D., Husebye, E. S., Merke, D. P., Murad, M. H., Stratakis, C. A., et al. (2016) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2015-1710 · Cited by 1,769
Treatment of Cushing's syndrome: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline
Nieman, L. K., Biller, B. M. K., Findling, J. W., Murad, M. H., Newell-Price, J., Savage, M. O., & Tabarin, A. (2015) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2015-1818 · Cited by 1,270
Depression and cortisol responses to psychological stress: A meta-analysis
Burke, H. M., Davis, M. C., Otte, C., & Mohr, D. C. (2005) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.02.010 · Cited by 1,194
Russell, E., Koren, G., Rieder, M., & Van Uum, S. (2012) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.09.009 · Cited by 1,063
Self-citationState of the art in hair analysis for detection of drug and alcohol abuse
Pragst, F., & Balı́ková, M. (2006) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2006.02.019 · Cited by 1,058
Stress-related and basic determinants of hair cortisol in humans: a meta-analysis
Stalder, T., Steudte-Schmiedgen, S., Alexander, N., Klucken, T., Vater, A., Wichmann, S., Kirschbaum, C., & Miller, R. (2017) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.12.017 · Cited by 855
Cortisol stress reactivity across psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zorn, J. V., Schür, R. R., Boks, M. P., Kahn, R. S., Joëls, M., & Vinkers, C. H. (2017) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.11.036 · Cited by 697
Potential problems with the interpretation of hair analysis results
Wennig, R. (2000) · Forensic Science International · doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00146-2 · Cited by 677
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Kapoor, 2018, 97, 190
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Biomarkers in Stress Related Diseases/Disorders: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Values
Dhama, K., Latheef, S. K., Dadar, M., Samad, H. A., Munjal, A. K., Khandia, R., Karthik, K., Tiwari, R., Yatoo, M. I., Bhatt, P., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2019.00091 · Cited by 354
Cardiovascular Disease and Hair Cortisol: a Novel Biomarker of Chronic Stress
Iob, E., & Steptoe, A. (2019) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-019-1208-7 · Cited by 229
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Metadata
- Authors
- Greff, M. J. E., Levine, J. M., Abuzgaia, A. M., Elzagallaai, A. A., Rieder, M. J., & van Uum, S. H. M.
- Affiliations
- Western University (CA)
- Venue
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 63
- Pages
- 1-9
- ISSN
- 0009-9120 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2893689668
- Cited by
- 260
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 16
- FWCI
- 2.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Medical Laboratory Technology › Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control
- Keywords
- hair cortisol, hair growth rate, hair sampling, hair sample preparation, Cushing's syndrome, adrenal insufficiency, Addison's disease, treatment monitoring, cardiovascular disease, stress, mental illness, endogenous cortisol, biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Insufficiency, Mental Disorders, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cushing Syndrome, Hair, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Stress, Psychological
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